Abstract Habitat complexes exhibit varying vulnerability to human land use and thus have different impacts on biodiversity. In this study, we analyzed the effect of moderate land use on the plant species diversity in six characteristic Pannonian habitat complexes: forest steppe complex on sand, on dolomite, and on loess, as well as alkaline habitat complex, freshwater marsh complex, and zonal broadleaf colline forest. We chose two regions for each complex, and in each region, we selected a 2 x 2 km “natural” study site in a mostly protected area, and a moderately used “managed” site of the same size. We compared the alpha, beta, and gamma diversities of the total and the specialist species pools of the natural-managed site pairs by applying stratified random sampling and novel bootstrap statistics. The gamma diversity of the specialist species pool was found to be the most sensitive indicator of naturalness. It was higher in the natural sites of the loess and dolomite forest steppe and the freshwater marshland complexes, while there were no significant diversity differences in the other complexes. The diversity comparisons showed a consistent pattern: there were either no significant diversity differences in any of the natural-managed pairs, or there were significant differences in the gamma diversities of the specialist species pool in both the natural-managed pairs. We concluded that the same differences in naturalness may represent different sensitivities to human management as characterized by differences in diversity measures. Three habitat complexes, the loess and dolomite forest steppe and the freshwater marshland, require more focused nature protection efforts in order to preserve the habitat diversity, especially in maintaining the remnants of the natural woody patches and the most inundated habitats of the marshlands. In the case of the other studied complexes, moderate human land use can be harmonized by nature protection goals.

中文翻译：

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适度人类土地利用对潘诺尼亚特征生境复合体植物生物多样性的不同影响

摘要 栖息地复合体对人类土地利用表现出不同的脆弱性，从而对生物多样性产生不同的影响。在这项研究中，我们分析了适度土地利用对六个特征潘诺尼亚生境复合体中植物物种多样性的影响：沙地、白云岩和黄土上的森林草原复合体，以及碱性生境复合体、淡水沼泽复合体和带状生境复合体。阔叶山林。我们为每个综合体选择了两个区域，并且在每个区域中，我们在大部分保护区中选择了一个 2 x 2 公里的“自然”研究地点，以及一个适度使用的相同大小的“管理”地点。我们通过应用分层随机抽样和新的引导统计比较了自然管理站点对的总和专业物种库的 alpha、beta 和 gamma 多样性。专家物种库的伽马多样性被发现是自然性最敏感的指标。黄土和白云岩森林草原和淡水沼泽地复合体的自然场所的多样性较高，而其他复合体的多样性差异不显着。多样性比较显示出一致的模式：要么在任何自然管理对中没有显着的多样性差异，要么在两个自然管理对中专业物种库的伽玛多样性存在显着差异。我们得出的结论是，自然性的相同差异可能代表对人类管理的不同敏感性，其特征在于多样性措施的差异。黄土白云岩森林草原和淡水沼泽地三个生境复合体，需要更加集中的自然保护工作，以保护栖息地的多样性，特别是在保持天然木斑块的残余和沼泽地最淹没的栖息地方面。在其他研究的综合体的情况下，适度的人类土地利用可以与自然保护目标相协调。