Pear trees require insect pollination among compatible cultivars to set fruit. However, pollen transfer limitation is the main cause of poor yields in this species, due to low visitation rates and few pollen transfer among compatible cultivars. Assisted pollination using “pollen dispensers” containing precollected compatible pollen fitted into the opening of a beehive could increase yield. We investigated whether stored pollen collected from flowers or bee visitors is suitable for pollinating two European pear (Pyrus communis) cultivars, ‘Conférence’ and ‘Doyenné du Comice’. Pollen collected directly from flowers and indirectly from insects was stored for up to 1 year at 4 °C and −20 °C. Pollen stored at −20 °C showed high viability for both cultivars (60–72%). Consequently, fruit set and fruit diameter using this pollen for pollination was similar to that of fresh pollen. However, the viability of pollen that had been stored at 4 °C was low (6%–14%) and fruit diameter was 6.5% lower when flowers were pollinated with pollen stored at 4 °C compared to fresh pollen. The viability of bee-collected pollen was up to 62% lower than that of pollen collected from flowers. The use of bee-collected pollen as a pollen source resulted in a 48% lower fruit set and 95% lower seed set in ‘Conférence’ compared to fresh pollen, whereas it did not affect ‘Doyenné du Comice’ fruit and seed sets. The fruit diameter was smaller when flowers were pollinated with bee-collected pollen than with fresh pollen in both ‘Conférence’ (54.7 vs. 60.6 mm) and ‘Doyenné du Comice’ (62.5 vs. 70.0 mm). Therefore, pear pollen collected from flowers and stored at −20 °C could successfully be used for alternative pollination without affecting fruit production.

梨树需要在兼容品种中进行昆虫授粉才能结实。然而，由于访问率低且相容品种之间的花粉转移极少，花粉转移限制是该品种单产下降的主要原因。使用“花粉分配器”进行的辅助授粉可将产量提高，该“花粉分配器”中装有预先收集的兼容花粉，可装入蜂箱的开口中。我们调查了从鲜花或蜜蜂来访者那里收集的存储花粉是否适合对两种欧洲梨（Pyrus communis）进行授粉。），“Conférence”和“Doyennédu Comice”品种。直接从花中采集和间接从昆虫中采集的花粉在4°C和-20°C下保存长达1年。花粉保存在-20°C时，两种花粉都具有很高的生存力（60–72％）。因此，使用该花粉授粉的坐果和果实直径类似于新鲜花粉。但是，与新鲜花粉相比，在4°C下贮藏的花粉对花朵授粉时，在4°C下贮藏的花粉的生存力较低（6％–14％），并且果实直径降低6.5％。蜜蜂采集的花粉的活力比从花中采集的花粉的活力低62％。与新鲜花粉相比，使用蜜蜂采集的花粉作为花粉来源可使“Conférence”的坐果率降低48％，种子座率降低95％，而它并没有影响“Doyennédu Comice”的水果和种子。“Conférence”（54.7对60.6毫米）和“Doyennédu Comice”（62.5对70.0毫米）中，用蜜蜂采集的花粉对花授粉的果实直径比新鲜花粉小。因此，从花中收集并储存在-20°C的梨花粉可以成功用于替代授粉，而不会影响果实产量。