Almost all the territory of Poland (except for the Carpathians, Sudetes and Kraków-Częstochowa Upland) was glaciated several times. Nevertheless, based on literature data, over 80 stygobiontic invertebrate species have been found there. Three reasons for such a richness have been hypothesized: survival in refugia situated either in non-glaciated areas or in sub-glacial areas, and re-settling of previously glaciated regions through different ways. The distribution of stygobiontic species in Poland is uneven (what was confirmed by statistical analysis) and connected mostly with the intensity of faunistic studies. The highest number of stygobionts was reported in the most intensively studied Carpathians, the largest non-glaciated area in Poland, well known as a faunal refugium. In other non-glaciated regions with distinctly smaller areas, the number of stygobionts is several times lower, but the presence of some endemic species indicates their origin and survival in situ. The occurrence of a few endemic species in glaciated regions could be explained by their surviving in sub-glacial refugia. Other stygobionts (probably except for water mites) recolonized glaciated areas through hyporheic waters of rivers flowing in pro-glacial valleys and currently active riverbeds. Migration of invertebrates through phreatic waters across groundwater divides (possible in two mountain ranges) played a minor role in the present distribution of stygobiontic species.

几乎波兰的所有领土（喀尔巴阡山脉，苏迪特山脉和克拉科夫琴斯托霍瓦山地除外）都被多次冰川化。然而，根据文献数据，在那儿发现了80多种定殖的无脊椎动物。推测出如此丰富的三个原因：在非冰川地区或亚冰川地区的避难所中生存，以及通过不同方式重新安置先前冰川化地区。在波兰，鞘翅目昆虫的分布不均匀（通过统计分析已得到证实），并且主要与动物研究的强度有关。在最深入研究的喀尔巴阡山脉（喀尔巴阡山脉，波兰最大的非冰川化地区，众所周知的动物保护区）中，鞘翅目动物的数量最多。在面积明显较小的其他非冰川地区，原位。冰川地区一些特有物种的存在可以通过它们在亚冰期避难所中的生存来解释。其他的节肢动物（可能是水螨除外）通过流向前冰川河谷的河流和目前活跃的河床的低渗水重新定居了冰川地区。无脊椎动物通过潜水水（跨越两个山脉）跨地下水区的迁移在目前定殖物种的分布中起很小的作用。