Abstract The recurrent failures of the 8 to 10-km high basal scarp of the Olympus Mons volcano on Mars has resulted in enormous landslides merging into a composite deposit known as the aureole. The largest of these landslides, the western (W) aureole, appears as a hummocky and extensive tongue reaching the distance of 700 ​km from the present Olympus Mons edge. Totalizing a volume of 106 Km3, the W aureole was created by a single, 100°-wide sector collapse of the Olympus Mons flank between north and west directions. Whereas the western segment of the landslide fell onto the flat area of Amazonis Planitia, the northern section came across the gently sloping ridge of Acheron Fossae after 550 ​km of travel, and subsequently rose against slope for some additional 50–80 ​km. Analysis of imagery on Acheron Fossae ridge beyond the front of the landslide shows a peculiar deposit and associated morphologies. Termed here Frontal Aureole Deposits (FAD), it occurs in two units: a smooth, uniform deposit immediately beyond the aureole terminus, followed in the distal part by distinct lobes directed against slope. These deposits are interpreted as the remnants of debris-rich sandy and muddy waves thrust by the W aureole landslide that inundated the Acheron Fossae ridge. Numerical and analytical calculations set up to study the dynamics of inundation show that the length of the deposits was in the reach of water thrust by a fast-travelling landslide. A possible explanation for the presence of water is that the front was travelling across an outlet of the ancient Martian ocean which, consequently, must have persisted when the landslide event took place. According to this hypothesis, FAD represents the remnant of a giant tsunami deposit similar, albeit at a much larger scale, to those that occur on Earth.

中文翻译：

---

Acheron Fossae 山脊上的锋面光环沉积物是火星上滑坡引发海啸的证据

摘要 火星上奥林匹斯蒙斯火山 8 至 10 公里高的基底陡坡的反复破坏导致巨大的滑坡并入称为光环的复合沉积物。这些山体滑坡中最大的一个，西（W）光环，看起来像一个隆起的大舌头，距离现在的奥林匹斯山边缘 700 公里。W aureole 的总体积为 106 Km3，是由北和西方向之间的 Olympus Mons 侧翼的单个 100° 宽扇形坍塌形成的。山体滑坡的西段落在亚马逊平原的平坦区域，而北段经过 550 公里的行程后遇到了平缓倾斜的 Acheron Fossae 山脊，随后又向斜坡上升了约 50-80 公里。对滑坡前部以外的 Acheron Fossae 山脊的图像分析显示出一种特殊的沉积物和相关的形态。此处称为额叶光环沉积物 (FAD)，它发生在两个单元中：紧接在光环末端之外的平滑、均匀的沉积物，其次是在远端部分是指向斜坡的明显裂片。这些沉积物被解释为由淹没 Acheron Fossae 海脊的 W aureole 滑坡推动的富含碎屑的沙质和泥质波浪的残余物。用于研究淹没动力学的数值和分析计算表明，沉积物的长度在快速移动的滑坡的水推力范围内。水的存在的一个可能解释是，锋面穿过古火星海洋的一个出口，因此，滑坡事件发生时一定一直存在。根据这个假设，FAD 代表了一个巨大的海啸沉积物的残余物，尽管规模要大得多，但与地球上发生的海啸沉积物相似。