The meteorites provide samples of their asteroidal parent bodies, allowing laboratory measurements of the response of asteroidal material to hypervelocity impacts. The meteorites span a wide range of physical properties, with porosities ranging from near zero to more than 40%, comparable to the range determined for stony asteroids. To investigate the effects of target properties on cratering, impact disruption, momentum transfer and dust production we have begun a series of hypervelocity impact experiments on various types of meteorite targets. In this work whole stones or fragments of the Northwest Africa 4502 (NWA 4502) CV3 carbonaceous chondrite were impacted by 1/16” or 1/8” Al-spheres at speeds ranging from 4.11 to 5.89 ​km/s at the NASA Ames Vertical Gun Range. These samples had a mean porosity of ~2.1% and a mean unconfined compressive strength of ~32.9 ​MPa. Eight hypervelocity disruptions demonstrated that these NWA 4502 targets are less resistant to disruption, i.e., they require less impactor kinetic energy per unit target mass to produce an equivalent disruption, than non-porous terrestrial basalt targets or ordinary chondrite meteorite targets. The threshold collisional specific energy, Q∗_D, for these NWA 4502 targets is ~224 ​J/kg, which is significantly lower than the ~1795 ​J/kg value we measured previously for the moderately porous (~6.4%) ordinary chondrite meteorite Northwest Africa 869. This likely results from the numerous cracks crosscutting the NWA 4502 samples. We measured the post-impact momentum of seven NWA 4502 cratering events and found a mean momentum transfer of 3.55 times the momentum of the projectile, showing that the recoil from the crater ejecta significantly exceeded the direct momentum transferred by absorption of the projectile. In two cases we found much higher momentum transfer values (11.72 and 8.95), suggesting these two impactors struck a different material, likely hydrous weathering veins, which fill the cracks, than the other five NWA 4502 cratering impacts. This suggests that hydrous asteroids and comets would experience significantly more recoil from hypervelocity impact than anhydrous targets having similar strength and porosity.

陨石提供其小行星母体的样品，从而可以对小行星材料对超高速撞击的反应进行实验室测量。陨石具有广泛的物理特性，其孔隙率范围从接近零到40％以上，与石质小行星确定的范围相当。为了研究靶材特性对陨石坑，冲击破坏，动量传递和粉尘产生的影响，我们已经开始对各种类型的陨石靶材进行一系列超高速冲击实验。在这项工作中，西北航空4502（NWA 4502）CV3碳质球粒陨石的整个石头或碎片在美国宇航局艾姆斯分校以4.11至5.89 km / s的速度受到1/16英寸或1/8英寸铝球的撞击射程。这些样品的平均孔隙率为〜2。1％，平均无侧限抗压强度约为32.9 MPa。八次超高速破坏表明，这些NWA 4502目标对破坏的抵抗力较小，也就是说，与无孔地面玄武岩目标或普通球粒陨石目标相比，它们需要更少的每单位目标质量的冲击器动能来产生同等的破坏。极限碰撞比能Q ∗_D，这些NWA 4502的目标值为〜224 J / kg，大大低于我们之前为西北非洲869中等中等孔隙率（〜6.4％）的普通球粒陨石确定的〜1795 J / kg值。大量裂缝横切了NWA 4502样品。我们测量了七个NWA 4502陨石坑事件在撞击后的动量，发现平均动量传递是弹丸的动量的3.55倍，表明弹坑弹出的后坐力大大超过了吸收弹丸所传递的直接动量。在两种情况下，我们发现动量传递值更高（11.72和8.95），这表明这两个撞击器撞击了不同的材料，可能是含水的风化脉，填充了裂缝，而不是其他五个NWA 4502缩孔撞击。