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Quantifying the antiviral effect of APOBEC3 on HIV-1 infection in humanized mouse model.
Journal of Theoretical Biology ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110295
Tatsuya Kurusu 1 , Kwang Su Kim 1 , Yoshiki Koizumi 2 , Shinji Nakaoka 3 , Keisuke Ejima 4 , Naoko Misawa 5 , Yoshio Koyanagi 5 , Kei Sato 6 , Shingo Iwami 7
Affiliation  

APOBEC3 proteins inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection by independently impairing viral reverse transcription and inducing G-to-A mutations in viral DNA. An HIV-1-encoded protein, viral infectivity factor (Vif), can counteract these antiviral activities of APOBEC3 proteins. Although previous studies using in vitro cell culture systems have revealed the molecular mechanisms of the antiviral action of APOBEC3 proteins and their antagonism by Vif, it remains unclear how APOBEC3 proteins affect the kinetics of HIV-1 replication in vivo. Here we quantified the time-series of viral load datasets from humanized mice infected with HIV-1 variants in the presence of APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G, or both APOBEC3F/G using a simple mathematical model that accounted for inter-individual variability. Through experimental and mathematical investigation, we formulated and calculated the total antiviral activity of APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G based on the estimated initial growth rates of viral loads in vivo. Interestingly, we quantitatively demonstrated that compared with APOBEC3G, the antiviral activity of APOBEC3F was widely distributed but skewed toward lower activity, although their mean values were similar. We concluded that APOBEC3G markedly and robustly restricted the initial stages of viral growth in vivo. This is the first report to quantitatively elucidate how APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G differ in their anti-HIV-1 modes in vivo.

中文翻译:

量化APOBEC3对人源化小鼠模型中HIV-1感染的抗病毒作用。

APOBEC3蛋白通过独立地破坏病毒的逆转录并诱导病毒DNA中的G-to-A突变来抑制人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)-1感染。HIV-1编码的蛋白,病毒感染因子(Vif),可以抵消APOBEC3蛋白的这些抗病毒活性。尽管以前使用体外细胞培养系统进行的研究已经揭示了APOBEC3蛋白抗病毒作用的分子机制以及Vif对它们的拮抗作用,但仍不清楚APOBEC3蛋白如何影响体内HIV-1复制的动力学。在这里,我们使用一个解释个体间差异的简单数学模型,量化了在存在APOBEC3F,APOBEC3G或APOBEC3F / G的情况下感染HIV-1变体的人源化小鼠的病毒载量数据集的时间序列。通过实验和数学研究,我们根据体内病毒载量的估计初始增长率,制定并计算了APOBEC3F和APOBEC3G的总抗病毒活性。有趣的是,我们定量地证明,与APOBEC3G相比,APOBEC3F的抗病毒活性分布广泛,但偏向于较低的活性,尽管它们的平均值相似。我们得出的结论是,APOBEC3G显着且有力地限制了体内病毒生长的初始阶段。这是第一份定量地阐明APOBEC3F和APOBEC3G在体内抗HIV-1模式方面如何差异的报告。尽管其平均值相似,但APOBEC3F的抗病毒活性分布广泛,但倾向于较低的活性。我们得出的结论是,APOBEC3G显着且有力地限制了体内病毒生长的初始阶段。这是第一份定量地阐明APOBEC3F和APOBEC3G在体内抗HIV-1模式方面如何差异的报告。尽管其平均值相似,但APOBEC3F的抗病毒活性分布广泛,但倾向于较低的活性。我们得出的结论是,APOBEC3G显着且有力地限制了体内病毒生长的初始阶段。这是第一份定量地阐明APOBEC3F和APOBEC3G在体内抗HIV-1模式方面如何差异的报告。
更新日期:2020-04-24
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