“Monitoring Sites 1000” – Japan's long‐term monitoring survey was established in 2003, based on the Japanese Government policy for the conservation of biodiversity. Ecological surveys have been conducted on various types of ecosystems at approximately 1000 sites in Japan for 15 years now and are planned to be carried out for 100 years. Since 2008, seaweed communities had been monitored at six sites, featuring the kelp (e.g. Saccharina and Ecklonia; Laminariales) and Sargassum (Fucales) communities in the subarctic and temperate regions of Japan. Annual surveys were carried out during the season when these canopy‐forming seaweeds are most abundant. A non‐destructive quadrat sampling method, with permanent quadrats placed along transects perpendicular to the shoreline, was used to determine species composition, coverage, and vertical distribution of seaweeds at these sites; while destructive sampling was done every 5 years to determine biomass. The occurrence of canopy‐forming species Saccharina japonica (var. japonica) and Ecklonia cava have appeared to be stable at the Muroran (southwestern part of Hokkaido Island) and Shimoda (Pacific coast of middle Honshu Island) sites, respectively; whereas the coverage of Ecklonia radicosa (= Eckloniopsis radicosa) at the Satsuma‐Nagashima site in southern part of Kyushu Island was highly variable until its sudden disappearance from the habitat in 2016. Thalli of E. radicosa lost most of their blades through browsing by herbivorous fish, and thus, this may be one of the causes of the decline. A shift in the community structure related to environmental changes had also been observed at some other sites. Pre‐ and post‐disaster data revealed the impact of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami disasters, including a shift in the vertical distribution of Ecklonia bicyclis (= Eisenia bicyclis) to shallower depths at the Shizugawa site in the Pacific coast of northern Honshu Island, due to seafloor subsidence.

中文翻译：

---

日本全国海藻群落长期监测调查被称为“监测点 1000”：十年概览和未来展望

“监测点 1000”——日本的长期监测调查于 2003 年建立，基于日本政府保护生物多样性的政策。15 年来，在日本大约 1000 个地点对各种类型的生态系统进行了生态调查，并计划进行 100 年。自 2008 年以来，在六个地点对海藻群落进行了监测，其中包括日本亚北极和温带地区的海带（例如 Saccharina 和 Ecklonia；Laminariales）和马尾藻（Fucales）群落。年度调查是在这些形成树冠的海藻最丰富的季节进行的。一种非破坏性样方采样方法，沿垂直于海岸线的横断面放置永久样方，用于确定物种组成、覆盖范围、海藻在这些地点的垂直分布；而破坏性采样每 5 年进行一次以确定生物量。冠层形成种 Saccharina japonica (var. japonica) 和 Ecklonia cava 的出现似乎分别在室兰（北海道岛西南部）和下田（本州岛中部太平洋沿岸）地点稳定；而九州岛南部萨摩-长岛遗址的 Ecklonia radicosa (= Eckloniopsis radicosa) 的覆盖范围变化很​​大，直到 2016 年它突然从栖息地消失。 E. radicosa 的 Thalli 通过食草动物的浏览失去了大部分叶片鱼，因此，这可能是下降的原因之一。在其他一些地点也观察到了与环境变化相关的社区结构的变化。