Sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus) is a major marine resource of Sanriku off the Pacific Coast, Japan, that includes Aomori, Iwate, and Miyagi Prefectures. Using six microsatellites and three mitochondrial DNA regions, we aimed to characterize genetic diversity of M. nudus before and after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Sanriku's Touni and Okirai Bays. Although mass death during the Tohoku disaster likely reduced genetic diversity in M. nudus populations, we did not find significant genetic differentiation spatially (between the two bays) or temporally (pre‐ and post‐earthquake). Our data also suggest that M. nudus in Sanriku experienced a population expansion approximately 19–9 thousand years ago, during the long‐lasting, stable, and warm environment after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). We conclude that these M. nudus populations maintained their genetic structure throughout multiple disastrous tsunamis over the past several millennia; thus, they were also able to maintain their natural genetic structure and diversity after the 2011 earthquake.

中文翻译：

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2011年东北海啸对日本三陆市野生海胆（Mesocentrotus nudus）种群遗传结构的影响

海胆（Mesocentrotus nudus）是日本三海岸附近三陆的主要海洋资源，包括青森县，岩手县和宫城县。使用六个微卫星和三个线粒体DNA地区，我们的目的是表征的遗传多样性M.星虫之前和在三陆的Touni和Okirai海湾2011年东北大地震后。尽管东北灾难期间的大规模死亡可能会降低裸露念珠菌种群的遗传多样性，但我们并未发现在空间上（两个海湾之间）或在时间上（地震前后）有明显的遗传分化。我们的数据还表明，M。nudus在上一次冰河最高峰（LGM）之后的长期，稳定和温暖的环境中，三陆市的人口经历了大约1.99万年前的扩张。我们得出的结论是，在过去的几千年中，这些核球菌种群在多次灾难性海啸中保持了遗传结构。因此，他们在2011年地震后也能够维持其自然遗传结构和多样性。