Topics of societal concern such as mental health and poverty reduction increasingly require action programmes that operate within broad psychosocial and social justice perspectives. Models of practice centred in individual needs, although important, are not powerful enough to bring about social change when they operate in isolation. In this article, we present the findings resulting from the observation of programmes engaged in collaborating with socio‐economically disadvantaged individuals, families, and communities. The programmes selected for study were nationally or internationally recognized for the quality and innovation of their methodologies or for having been subjected to scientific attention; some met both criteria. Altogether, 15 programmes were visited, in North and South America and Europe. Through a grounded theory methodology, the processes of data collection and analysis led to the development of a theoretical framework that identifies a continuum of programmes aimed at supporting the development of individuals, families, and communities and that has at its core the central process of building reciprocity. This article presents and describes the continuum of programmes and how each type relates to the process of building reciprocity and establishes links with other relevant and significant concepts in the framework. Finally, implications for further research are explored.

中文翻译：

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互惠互利：从安全网到社会转型计划

社会关注的话题，例如心理健康和减贫，越来越需要在广泛的社会心理和社会正义视角下运作的行动计划。以个人需求为中心的实践模式虽然很重要，但当它们孤立地运作时，其功能不足以带来社会变革。在本文中，我们将介绍对与社会经济处于不利地位的个人，家庭和社区进行合作的项目的观察结果。所选择的研究方案因其方法的质量和创新性或受到科学关注而在国内或国际上得到认可；有些符合两个标准。在北美，南美和欧洲总共访问了15个程序。通过扎根的理论方法，建立互惠互利。本文介绍并描述了程序的连续性，以及每种类型如何与建立互惠性过程相关，并与框架中的其他相关和重要概念建立了联系。最后，探讨了进一步研究的意义。