The agricultural sector is the largest consumer of the water resources potential of India. The ever‐increasing demand for this finite resource has led to water shortage in the Anandapur sub‐basin of the Baitarani River basin, which comes under the hot and subhumid region of India. The yield of maize, green gram and winter wheat in the basin was simulated for the Rabi season (October–February) using SWAT, considering both rainfed and irrigated scenarios. As observed, water stress progressively increased with a shift in the sowing period of crops from 15 October to 5 November at an interval of 10 days. In the present work, irrigation was scheduled considering the early sowing period, i.e. 15 October. Model performance was evaluated in terms of Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), coefficient of determination (R²) and percentage bias (PBIAS). The performance of the model was found to be satisfactory for crop yield simulation during the calibration and validation periods. An optimal irrigation strategy was analysed considering three irrigation settings, i.e. S₂ (sufficient irrigation), S₃ (50% depletion of available water content, i.e. AWC) and S₄ (70% depletion of AWC). The reduction in crop yield in S₄ (deficit irrigation) was found to be relatively insignificant compared to full irrigation under scenario S_2. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

中文翻译：

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使用SWAT优化灌溉计划以提高作物的水生产率

农业部门是印度水资源潜力的最大消费者。对这种有限资源的需求不断增长，导致位于印度干热半干旱地区的Baitarani流域的Anandapur子流域缺水。考虑到雨养和灌溉情况，使用SWAT模拟了拉比季节（10月至2月）的流域玉米，绿豆和冬小麦的产量。如所观察到的，水分胁迫随着作物播种期从10月15日到11月5日的间隔10天的变化而逐渐增加。在目前的工作中，灌溉计划在播种初期即10月15日进行。根据纳什-萨克利夫效率（NSE），确定系数（R ²）和百分比偏差（PBIAS）。发现该模型的性能在校准和验证期间对于作物产量模拟而言是令人满意的。在考虑三种灌溉设置的情况下，分析了最佳灌溉策略，即S ₂（充足灌溉），S ₃（可用水分减少50％，即AWC）和S ₄（AWC减少70％）。与情景S ₂下的全面灌溉相比，S ₄（亏缺灌溉）下的农作物减产被发现相对较小_。 ©2020 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.。