Rapidly evacuating fossil fuels, oil, natural gas assets, and environmental effects has made the hybrid electric vehicles more effective than conventional vehicles. There are a larger number of researches that have been carried out on fuel cell–based electric vehicles. This paper presents the nonlinear control that deals with hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for hybrid electric vehicles. HESS consists of two sources: a fuel cell and supercapacitor. Fuel cell acts as the main source while supercapacitor as the auxiliary source. These two sources are associated with bus bar link via power electronic circuitry to harness the power from these sources at single platform. A nonlinear control technique with merging effects of sliding mode and backstepping control is applied to attain the following control goals: (a) better DC bus voltage regulation, (b) reference tracking of fuel cell current and supercapacitor current, and (c) global stability of proposed system. The main reason behind applying the sliding mode–based backstepping control is because of nonlinearities present in the nature of the system. The simulation has been performed on Matlab/Simulink to ensure the fast convergence, better DC voltage regulation, and error‐free reference tracking with zero initial overshoot to meet all the control objectives.

中文翻译：

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混合动力汽车混合动力储能系统的非线性控制

快速疏散化石燃料，石油，天然气资产和环境影响使混合动力电动汽车比传统汽车更有效。对基于燃料电池的电动汽车进行了大量的研究。本文提出了一种用于混合动力电动汽车的混合动力储能系统（HESS）的非线性控制。HESS由两个来源组成：燃料电池和超级电容器。燃料电池为主要来源，超级电容器为辅助来源。这两个电源通过功率电子电路与母线链接相关联，以在单个平台上利用来自这些电源的电源。应用一种具有滑模和反步控制相结合效果的非线性控制技术，以实现以下控制目标：（a）更好的直流母线电压调节，（b）燃料电池电流和超级电容器电流的参考跟踪，以及（c）拟议系统的整体稳定性。应用基于滑模的反推控制的主要原因是由于系统性质中存在非线性。在Matlab / Simulink上进行了仿真，以确保快速收敛，更好的DC电压调节和零初始超调的无误差参考跟踪，从而满足所有控制目标。