Deregulation reforms in the Australian dairy industry had long‐lasting repercussions for Australian agriculture and the wider Australian economy. Using farm‐level data from 1979 to 2013, we investigate the effect of these reforms on productivity in the Australian dairy industry which arose from correcting resource misallocation between farms and across segregated state milk markets. Our results demonstrate that after the dairy reforms in 2000, relative market share shifted from less productive farms to more productive ones, and between farms using different production systems – generating additional productivity gains for the farm sector, but imposing some costs on downstream manufacturers by strengthening the seasonality of milk supply. Lessons from the Australian experience provide timely guidance for those countries exploring deregulation now or in the future to improve the industry‐level agricultural productivity growth through facilitating resource reallocation from less efficient to more efficient farms.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚奶业的放松管制改革，资源重新分配和总生产率增长

澳大利亚奶业的放松管制改革对澳大利亚农业和整个澳大利亚经济产生了长期影响。我们使用1979年至2013年的农场水平数据，研究了这些改革对澳大利亚乳业生产率的影响，这是由于纠正了农场之间以及各州各州牛奶市场之间的资源分配不当而产生的。我们的结果表明，在2000年的乳业改革之后，相对市场份额从生产力较低的农场转向生产力较高的农场，并且在使用不同生产系统的农场之间发生了变化–为农业部门带来了额外的生产率提高，但通过加强下游制造商的成本牛奶供应的季节性。