Ornamental harlequin shrimp, Hymenocera picta, are commonly maintained on live comet sea stars, Linckia multifora. In Thailand, both species are commonly collected from the wild, raising concerns regarding the sustainability of such practices. As a step toward the sustainable aquaculture of both, methods of their culture and nutrition were investigated. Under captive conditions, harlequin shrimp readily predate, and can be maintained upon the astropectinid sand star Astropecten indicus as an alternative live feed during periods when comet sea stars are unavailable. Wild A. indicus subsequently spawned multiple times shortly after their collection; the eggs (300 μm diameter) were transferred to static aquaria. Following the appearance of planktonic bipinnaria, larval sea stars were fed a 50:50 Chaetoceros calcitrans and Isochrysis galbana diet. Eleven days post‐transfer, brachiolaria stages began to settle; stages were then fed concentrated I. galbana. When specimens measured 1–2 mm in diameter, they were transferred onto an in‐house formulated Amphiprion diet (>50% protein, >16% lipid). Sea stars were graded regularly; they matured and spawned after 6 months. Populations were maintained for more than three successive generations, demonstrating their ready culture under captive conditions, representing the first harvestable aquaculture of a sea star as a step toward supporting the sustainable culture of a primary, marine species.

中文翻译：

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沙星水产养殖Astropecten indicusDöderlein，1888年，这是朝着可持续的丑角虾水产养殖（Hymenocera picta Dana，1852年）发展的一步

观赏丑角虾Hymenocera picta通常在活彗星海星Linckia multifora上饲养。在泰国，这两种物种通常都是从野外采集的，引起了人们对这种做法可持续性的担忧。为了实现两者的可持续水产养殖，研究了其养殖和营养方法。在圈养条件下，丑角虾很容易早熟，在没有彗星海星的时期，可以将其维持在天果沙星Astropecten indicus上作为替代活饲料。野生印度果随后在收集后不久产卵多次；将卵（直径300μm）转移到静态水族箱中。浮游性双pinnaria出现后，给幼虫海星喂食50:50的Chaetoceros calcitrans和Isochrysis galbana饮食。转移后十一天，腕毛虫阶段开始稳定。然后分阶段喂浓缩的I. galbana。当样品的直径测量为1-2 mm时，将其转移到内部配制的Amphiprion中饮食（蛋白质含量> 50％，脂质含量> 16％）。海星定期定级；他们在六个月后成熟并产卵。种群被维持了连续三代以上，证明了他们在圈养条件下的现成养殖，这是海星首次可捕捞的水产养殖，这是朝着支持主要海洋物种可持续养殖迈出的一步。