In this study, genetic diversity and genetic structure were assessed in the four major cultured populations of P. fucata martensii from Shenzhen (SZ), Hainan (HN), Zhanjiang (ZJ), and hybrid (HY), based on morphological multivariate analysis and 25 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The morphological characteristics of HN and HY populations were similar, and the average discriminant accuracy was 75.6%. All SNP loci comprised two alleles, and the average observed (H _o) and expected (H _e) heterozygosity of HY, SZ, HN, and ZJ populations were 0.2236–0.2734 and 0.2374–0.2870, respectively. The average polymorphism information content values of HY, SZ, HN, and ZJ populations were 0.1923–0.2272. Gene flow between HY and HN populations was frequent, with an N _m value of 6.0928, while that between SZ and the other three populations was less frequent. The combined cluster, genetic distance, and gene flow analyses indicate that the genetic background of HY and HN populations is similar, and they can be regarded as a single population. The ZJ population might originate from the HY population, while the SZ population should be independent. These results could assist the management of germplasm resources and selective breeding of pearl oysters.

中文翻译：

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使用形态学和单核苷酸多态性标记对四个养殖牡蛎Pinctada fucata martensii种群进行判别分析

在这项研究中，基于形态多变量分析和分析，评估了深圳（SZ），海南（HN），湛江（ZJ）和杂种（HY）的四个主要对虾对虾的遗传多样性和遗传结构。 25个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记。HN和HY种群的形态特征相似，平均判别准确度为75.6％。所有SNP基因座均包含两个等位基因，平均观察值（H _o）和预期值（H _e ）HY，SZ，HN和ZJ群体的杂合度分别为0.2236-0.2734和0.2374-0.2870。HY，SZ，HN和ZJ群体的平均多态性信息含量值为0.1923–0.2272。HY和HN种群之间的基因流动频繁，N _m值为6.0928，而SZ和其他三个种群之间的基因流动较少。结合的聚类，遗传距离和基因流分析表明，HY和HN种群的遗传背景相似，可以将它们视为单个种群。ZJ人口可能来自HY人口，而SZ人口应该独立。这些结果可以帮助种质资源的管理和珍珠牡蛎的选育。