This study evaluated the effects of replacing fish oil (FO) with beef tallow (BT) in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (3.93 ± 0.07 g), over 8 weeks. Seven diets, consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% replacement of FO with BT and 63 and 75.9% replacement supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at 0.9 and 1.1% of 100 g diet, respectively, were distributed into 21 tanks in a semi‐recirculation system with 15 fish per tank. The replacement of FO with BT at the given levels showed no significant changes (p > .05) in growth performance and whole‐body proximate composition. Fish fed the diet of 75.9% replacement with 1.1% DHA supplementation showed the best performance in these measurements among the treatments. Plasma glutamic pyruvic transaminase, cholesterol, high‐ and low‐density lipoproteins, and total protein were not significantly influenced by the replacement of FO with BT. The FO replacement generally resulted in a reduction of eicosapentaenoic acid, DHA, and n‐3/n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio in the whole body, whereas the DHA supplementation recovered the level of DHA and the n‐3/n‐6 ratio to those observed in the group fed the 0% replacement diet. Taken together, BT along with DHA supplementation can potentially be a cost‐effective alternative for FO in olive flounder culture.

中文翻译：

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用牛脂替代鱼油对少年比目鱼生长性能，血清学参数和脂肪酸组成的影响

这项研究评估了在8周的时间内，用牛脂（BT）代替鱼油（FO）对少年橄榄比目鱼Paralichthys olivaceus（3.93±0.07 g）的影响。分别将100、0.9、1.1％的0、25、50、75和100％的BT替代FO和63和75.9％的补充二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）替代的7种饮食分配给21种饮食半再循环系统中的水箱，每个水箱15条鱼。在给定水平下，用BT代替FO时无明显变化（p> .05）的生长性能和全身近端成分。在这些测量中，以75.9％的替代饲料和1.1％的DHA补充饲喂的鱼在这些测量中表现出最好的表现。BT替代FO对血浆谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶，胆固醇，高密度和低密度脂蛋白以及总蛋白没有显着影响。FO替代通常会降低人体中二十碳五烯酸，DHA和n-3 / n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的比率，而DHA补充可恢复DHA的水平和n-3 / n-6的比率补充了0％替代饮食的组中观察到的那些。总而言之，BT和DHA补充剂可能是橄榄比目鱼养殖中FO的一种经济高效的替代品。