The hermaphroditic marine snail species Haminella solitaria was formerly included in the genus Haminoea, but it was recently assigned to the genus Haminella. The copulatory apparatus in H. solitaria was investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy to obtain additional information about this apparatus in cephalaspidean gastropods and to evaluate the taxonomic relevance of its morphofunctional features in the framework of a new phylogenetic tree of the family Haminoeidae. The copulatory apparatus in H. solitaria consisted of the atrium with a muscular wall and papilla, a seminal duct, and a single‐lobed prostate. Epithelial and subepithelial secretory cells were detected in the proximal and middle region of the atrium wall, and a third type of secretory cell occurred in the distal region of the muscular papilla. The seminal duct was lined by ciliated cells and its muscular wall included some vacuolar cells. The prostate in H. solitaria consisted of lateral pouches surrounding a large central lumen that was filled with spermatozoa. A single type of secretory cell intermingled with ciliated cells formed the epithelium of the prostate. A histological comparison between the copulatory apparatus in H. solitaria and Haminoea navicula revealed substantial differences that support the placement of these two species in different genera, as established by recent molecular studies.

中文翻译：

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海洋腹足动物 Haminella solitaria (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea) 的交配器及其系统发育相关性

雌雄同体的海洋蜗牛物种 Haminella solitaria 以前包括在 Haminoea 属中，但最近被归入 Haminella 属。H. solitaria 中的交配器通过光学和透射电子显微镜进行了研究，以获得有关头足纲腹足动物中该设备的更多信息，并在 Haminoeidae 科的新系统发育树的框架内评估其形态功能特征的分类学相关性。H. solitaria 的交配器由具有肌肉壁和乳头的心房、精管和单叶前列腺组成。在心房壁的近端和中间区域检测到上皮和上皮下分泌细胞，在肌乳头的远端区域出现第三类分泌细胞。精管内衬纤毛细胞，其肌肉壁包括一些液泡细胞。H. solitaria 中的前列腺由围绕一个充满精子的大中央腔的侧袋组成。与纤毛细胞混合的单一类型的分泌细胞形成了前列腺的上皮。H. solitaria 和 Haminoea navicula 交配器之间的组织学比较揭示了支持这两个物种在不同属中放置的实质性差异，正如最近的分子研究所确定的那样。与纤毛细胞混合的单一类型的分泌细胞形成了前列腺的上皮。H. solitaria 和 Haminoea navicula 交配器之间的组织学比较揭示了支持这两个物种在不同属中放置的实质性差异，正如最近的分子研究所确定的那样。与纤毛细胞混合的单一类型的分泌细胞形成了前列腺的上皮。H. solitaria 和 Haminoea navicula 交配器之间的组织学比较揭示了支持这两个物种在不同属中放置的实质性差异，正如最近的分子研究所确定的那样。