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Predators, fire or resources: What drives the distribution of herbivores in fragmented mesic forests?
Austral Ecology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-03 , DOI: 10.1111/aec.12861
William L. Geary 1, 2, 3 , Bronwyn A. Hradsky 1 , Alan Robley 4 , Brendan A. Wintle 1
Affiliation  

Trophic interactions and disturbance events can shape the structure and function of ecosystems. However, the effects of drivers such as predation, fire and climatic variables on species distributions are rarely considered concurrently. We used a replicated landscape‐scale predator management experiment to compare the effects of red fox Vulpes vulpes control, time‐since‐fire, vegetation type and other environmental variables on native herbivore distributions. Occurrence data for four native herbivores and an invasive predator – the red fox – were collected from 240 sites across three baited (for lethal fox control) and three unbaited forest blocks (4659–9750 ha) in south‐western Victoria, Australia, and used to build species distribution models. The herbivore taxa were as follows: red‐necked wallaby Macropus rufogriseus, black wallaby Wallabia bicolour, grey kangaroo Macropus fuligenosus and Macropus giganteus and common brushtail possum Trichosurus vulpecula. Fox control and fire had little effect on herbivore occurrence, despite the literature suggesting it can influence abundance, while climate, proximity to farmland and topography were more influential. This may be because the region’s high productivity and agricultural pastures subsidise food resources for both predators and prey within the forest blocks and so dampen trophic interactions. Alternatively, these drivers may affect herbivore abundance, but not herbivore occurrence. Understanding the drivers of herbivore distributions is an important step in predicting the effects of herbivory on other species, particularly after management interventions such as predator control and prescribed burns.

中文翻译:

捕食者、火灾或资源:是什么驱动了食草动物在破碎的中生森林中的分布?

营养相互作用和干扰事件可以塑造生态系统的结构和功能。然而,很少同时考虑捕食、火灾和气候变量等驱动因素对物种分布的影响。我们使用复制的景观尺度捕食者管理实验来比较红狐 Vulpes vulpes 控制、自火灾以来的时间、植被类型和其他环境变量对本地食草动物分布的影响。四种本地食草动物和一种入侵性捕食者——红狐——的发生数据是从澳大利亚维多利亚州西南部三个诱饵(用于致命狐狸控制)和三个无诱饵森林块(4659-9750 公顷)的 240 个地点收集的,并使用建立物种分布模型。草食动物分类群如下:红颈小袋鼠 Macropus rufogriseus,黑袋鼠 Wallabia 双色袋鼠、灰袋鼠 Macropus fuligenosus 和 Macropus giganteus 以及常见的刷尾负鼠 Trichosurus vulpecula。狐狸控制和火灾对食草动物的发生几乎没有影响,尽管文献表明它可以影响数量,而气候、靠近农田和地形的影响更大。这可能是因为该地区的高生产力和农业牧场为森林块内的捕食者和猎物提供了食物资源,从而抑制了营养相互作用。或者,这些驱动因素可能会影响食草动物的数量,但不会影响食草动物的出现。了解食草动物分布的驱动因素是预测食草动物对其他物种的影响的重要一步,尤其是在捕食者控制和规定的烧伤等管理干预措施之后。灰袋鼠 Macropus fuligenosus 和 Macropus giganteus 和普通刷尾负鼠 Trichosurus vulpecula。狐狸控制和火对食草动物的发生几乎没有影响,尽管文献表明它可以影响数量,而气候、靠近农田和地形的影响更大。这可能是因为该地区的高生产力和农业牧场为森林块内的捕食者和猎物提供了食物资源,从而抑制了营养相互作用。或者,这些驱动因素可能会影响食草动物的数量,但不会影响食草动物的出现。了解食草动物分布的驱动因素是预测食草动物对其他物种的影响的重要一步,尤其是在捕食者控制和规定的烧伤等管理干预措施之后。灰袋鼠 Macropus fuligenosus 和 Macropus giganteus 和普通刷尾负鼠 Trichosurus vulpecula。狐狸控制和火灾对食草动物的发生几乎没有影响,尽管文献表明它可以影响数量,而气候、靠近农田和地形的影响更大。这可能是因为该地区的高生产力和农业牧场为森林块内的捕食者和猎物提供了食物资源,从而抑制了营养相互作用。或者,这些驱动因素可能会影响食草动物的数量,但不会影响食草动物的出现。了解食草动物分布的驱动因素是预测食草动物对其他物种的影响的重要一步,尤其是在捕食者控制和规定的烧伤等管理干预措施之后。
更新日期:2020-03-03
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