As temperatures increase in a warming world, there will be different responses among related plant species, with some species able to increase growth rate under warmer conditions and others less likely. Here, we identify survival and growth parameters in a group of 19 related Australian daisies from the genera Brachyscome and Pembertonia when exposed to higher soil temperature, focusing particularly on species from the alpine environment. We used a common garden approach to measure growth and survival under warming. We tested for the effects of evolutionary history by investigating phylogeny and testing for a phylogenetic signal, and for the effects of ecological history by considering climatic variables associated with species distributions in their native range. Evolutionary history did not have a detectable effect on warming responses. While there was a moderate signal for plant growth in the absence of warming, there was no signal for growth changes in response to warming, despite variability among species to warming that ranged from positive to negative growth responses. There was no strong effect of climate context, as species that showed a positive response to warming did not necessarily originate from hotter environments. In fact, several species from hot environments grew relatively poorly when exposed to higher soil temperature. However, species endemic to alpine areas were less likely to benefit from warming than widespread species. We found a strong phylogenetic signal for climate history, in that closely related species tend to occur in areas with similar annual variability in precipitation. Species differences in response to soil warming were variable and difficult to link to climate conditions except for the poor response of alpine endemics. There was no significant association between survival and warming responses of species. However, as some species showed weak growth responses, this may reduce their fitness into the future.

中文翻译：

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使用常见的花园方法来测试水飞蓟属雏菊物种的环境变暖响应

随着世界变暖的温度升高，相关植物物种之间将有不同的反应，其中一些物种能够在较温暖的条件下提高生长速率，而其他物种则不太可能。在这里，我们确定了Brachyscome和Pembertonia属的19种相关澳大利亚雏菊中的存活和生长参数当暴露于较高的土壤温度时，尤其要关注高山环境中的物种。我们使用一种常见的花园方法来测量变暖下的生长和生存。我们通过调查系统发育和测试系统发育信号来测试进化史的影响，并通过考虑与本地范围内物种分布相关的气候变量来测试生态史的影响。进化史对变暖反应没有可检测的影响。尽管在没有变暖的情况下有适度的植物生长信号，但没有物种响应变暖的生长变化信号，尽管物种之间的变率变化范围从正向或负向变化。气候背景没有强烈影响，因为对变暖表现出积极反应的物种不一定来自较热的环境。实际上，当暴露于较高的土壤温度下时，来自高温环境的几种物种的生长相对较差。但是，与广泛分布的物种相比，高山地区特有的物种从变暖中受益的可能性较小。我们发现了强烈的气候史系统发生信号，因为密切相关的物种倾向于出现在年降水量相似的地区。除对高山特有植物的不良反应外，对土壤变暖的物种差异是可变的，难以与气候条件联系起来。物种的存活与变暖反应之间没有显着关联。但是，由于某些物种的生长反应较弱，因此可能会降低其未来适应性。