ABSTRACT Mesenchymal stem cells in dentistry have multiple potential applications including alveolar ridge preservation and repair, cleft palate reconstruction, sinus grafting and ultimately pulp and dentine regeneration. The autologous application of tissue resident stem cells for regeneration is a relatively new field of research focus. Clinical application of these stem cells with multi-lineage capability requires that they be harvested and amplified in a serum- and xeno-free environment that minimises the possibility of cellular mutations and of introducing disease. The use of tissue-specific stem cells from different sites also has implications in relation to the site of harvesting and the differentiation status of the stem cells obtained. This review will examine the serum- and xeno-free culture of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). It will overview both the development and current practise in relation to DPSC culture and identification, to enable the future application of these cells in regenerative medicine. The phenotypic characteristics, stem-cell markers, harvesting considerations and differentiation capacity will be summarised. We will also investigate the ability of DPSCs to undergo multi-lineage differentiation in vitro and the possible clinical implications of DPSCs being derived from the neural crest.

中文翻译：

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用于再生医学的无血清培养基中的牙髓干细胞

摘要 间充质干细胞在牙科中具有多种潜在应用，包括牙槽嵴保存和修复、腭裂重建、鼻窦移植以及最终的牙髓和牙本质再生。组织驻留干细胞的自体应用再生是一个相对较新的研究重点领域。这些具有多谱系能力的干细胞的临床应用要求在无血清和无异种环境中收获和扩增它们，以最大限度地减少细胞突变和引入疾病的可能性。使用来自不同部位的组织特异性干细胞也与收获部位和获得的干细胞的分化状态有关。本综述将检查人牙髓干细胞 (DPSC) 的无血清和无异种培养物。它将概述与 DPSC 培养和鉴定相关的发展和当前实践，以实现这些细胞在再生医学中的未来应用。将总结表型特征、干细胞标记、收获注意事项和分化能力。我们还将研究 DPSCs 在体外进行多谱系分化的能力，以及来自神经嵴的 DPSCs 可能的临床意义。