Abstract Presently, about 200 million tons of urea fertilizer is produced worldwide to meet supply and demand. However, a quarter of the urea applied to soils is lost to the environment due to poor efficiency. Poor efficiency can be prevented by slowing the release of urea - nitrogen. One mechanism to do this is ‘Encapsulation’. Encapsulation allows for higher urea efficiency, synchronization with plants ongoing nutrient needs. This review covers an extensive study on ordinary urea usage including the different materials used for coating, which can be natural or artificial, and the different coating processes. Also included are the methods of employing different substances with the pros and cons of each.

中文翻译：

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从尿素肥料中缓释氮的涂层材料：综述

摘要 目前，全球约有2亿吨尿素肥料用于满足供需关系。然而，由于效率低下，施用于土壤的尿素有四分之一流失到环境中。可以通过减缓尿素氮的释放来防止效率低下。执行此操作的一种机制是“封装”。封装允许更高的尿素效率，与植物持续的营养需求同步。这篇综述涵盖了对普通尿素使用的广泛研究，包括用于涂层的不同材料，可以是天然的或人造的，以及不同的涂层工艺。还包括使用不同物质的方法，每种物质的优缺点。