ABSTRACT Determining the genetic structure and population dynamics of harvested species are key aspects of effective fisheries management. New Zealand scampi (Metanephrops challengeri) is a species of nethropid lobster that supports a commercial fishery on the continental shelf and slope around New Zealand. To determine the genetic structure and historical population demography of New Zealand scampi, we sequenced a 623 base-pair fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit one (CO1) from 321 individuals across six widely separated sites off the coast of mainland New Zealand and the subantarctic Auckland Islands, representing much of the species’ distribution. The Auckland Islands population was found to be genetically distinct from all other sampled populations, potentially resulting from an absence of continuous suitable habitat between the central-eastern South Island and the Auckland Islands. An isolation-by-distance pattern of genetic structure was also detected. With the exception of the Mercury Islands, all sampled populations showed signs of recent population expansion, potentially linked to changes in habitat availability during the glacial-interglacial cycles of the Pleistocene. We recommend that the current NZ scampi management areas and harvesting rates for each remain unchanged.

中文翻译：

---

商业收获的深海十足目 Metanephrops Challengeri（甲壳纲：十足目）的遗传结构和近期种群扩张

摘要 确定捕捞物种的遗传结构和种群动态是有效渔业管理的关键方面。新西兰海虾 (Metanephrops Challengeri) 是一种网状龙虾，支持新西兰大陆架和斜坡上的商业渔业。为了确定新西兰海虾的遗传结构和历史种群人口统计，我们对来自新西兰大陆海岸六个相距很远的地点的 321 个个体的线粒体基因细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚基一 (CO1) 的 623 个碱基对片段进行了测序，亚南极奥克兰群岛，代表了该物种的大部分分布。奥克兰群岛种群被发现在遗传上与所有其他采样种群不同，可能是由于南岛中东部和奥克兰群岛之间没有连续合适的栖息地造成的。还检测到遗传结构的按距离隔离模式。除水星群岛外，所有采样种群都显示出近期种群扩张的迹象，这可能与更新世冰川-间冰期循环期间栖息地可用性的变化有关。我们建议目前新西兰海虾的管理区域和每个区域的收获率保持不变。可能与更新世冰川-间冰期循环期间栖息地可用性的变化有关。我们建议目前新西兰海虾的管理区域和每个区域的收获率保持不变。可能与更新世冰川-间冰期循环期间栖息地可用性的变化有关。我们建议目前新西兰海虾的管理区域和每个区域的收获率保持不变。