Background: Although children with intellectual disabilities (ID) are at greater risk of falls from poorer balance ability than typically developing children, reliable information about which types of physical intervention are most effective is scarce.

Objective: A meta-analysis was used to examine the most effective programs on balance ability in children with ID.

Method: 77 effect sizes from 10 studies and the standardised mean differences in effect size were calculated using the random effects model.

Results: Fitness exercise, combined strength and proprioceptive training, dual-task functional exercises, trampoline exercise, hippotherapy, and core strength training were effective interventions. Duration of exercises should be less than or equal to 10 weeks. Exercises performed three times per week and sustained for 45–60 min had the largest effect. Balance ability of 5–13-year-old children could be improved by a larger margin through physical exercise than 14–18-year-old children.

Conclusions: Six intervention programs proved to be effective on balance and feasible for physical education in schools. Attractive and integrated sports programs were highly recommended. Systematic review registration number: CRD42018092558.

背景：尽管智障儿童比一般发育中的儿童承受平衡能力差的跌倒风险更大，但缺乏关于哪种物理干预最有效的可靠信息。

目的：采用荟萃分析来研究ID儿童平衡能力的最有效方案。

方法：使用随机效应模型计算了10项研究中的77种效应量，并计算了效应量的标准化平均差异。

结果：健身运动，力量与本体感受训练相结合，双功能功能锻炼，蹦床运动，河马疗法和核心力量训练是有效的干预措施。运动时间应少于或等于10周。每周进行3次运动，并持续45-60分钟，其效果最大。与14-18岁的孩子相比，通过体育锻炼可以提高5-13岁的孩子的平衡能力。

结论：六个干预计划被证明是平衡有效的，对于学校体育教育是可行的。强烈推荐有吸引力的综合性体育项目。系统评价注册号：CRD42018092558。