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Scale and the politics of the organic transition in Sikkim, India
Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-08 , DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2019.1701171
David Meek 1 , Colin R. Anderson 2
Affiliation  

In 2016, Sikkim, an Indian Himalayan state announced that it had certified all agricultural production as organic. In this article, we explore how Sikkim’s organic policies are affecting agroecology transitions. Drawing upon 47 interviews with Sikkimese farmers, consumers, and government officials, we explore how questions of scale are central to the Sikkimese state’s organic vision. Our four-part analysis reveals how the state’s move to scale up organics reflects: 1) the state’s perception that areal scale and low yield are the major constraints to their organic vision. To address this perceived constraint, the state is attempting to: 2) re-scale farm production to increase yield in single commodity crops, and 3) re-scale social processes to collectivize production and marketing. 4) Education is a primary pathway through which the state seeks to reorient farmers to engage in scaled up production and a yield oriented vision of cooperation. Our results show how these different scalar processes intersect, shedding new light on debates about the role of the state in agroecology transitions.

List of Acronyms: APEDA: Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority; ATMA: Agricultural Technical Management Authority; CEO: Chief Executive Officer; FPO: Farmer Producer Organization; MOVCD: Mission Organic Value Chain Development



中文翻译:

印度锡金的有机过渡的规模和政治

2016年,印度喜马拉雅州锡金宣布已将所有农业生产认证为有机产品。在本文中,我们探讨了锡金的有机政策如何影响农业生态转型。通过对锡金农民,消费者和政府官员进行47次采访,我们探讨了规模问题对于锡金国家有机愿景的核心意义。我们的四部分分析揭示了该州扩大有机物的举动如何体现:1)国家认为面积规模和低产量是其有机视野的主要制约因素。为了解决这种感知上的限制,国家正在尝试:2)重新调整农业生产规模以增加单一商品作物的产量,以及3)重新调整社会过程以集体化生产和销售。4)教育是国家寻求重新引导农民从事规模生产和以产量为导向的合作愿景的主要途径。我们的结果显示了这些不同的标量过程如何相交,从而为有关国家在农业生态转型中的作用的辩论提供了新的思路。

缩略语列表:APEDA:农业和加工食品出口发展局;ATMA:农业技术管理局;首席执行官:首席执行官;FPO:农民生产者组织;MOVCD:使命有机价值链发展

更新日期:2020-04-18
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