Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) with traditional written thought records is an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A potential barrier to targeting trauma-related beliefs with traditional thought records is that typically the resulting behavioral avoidance from the trauma-related belief limits the experiences (i.e., evidence) which are available to draw from when evaluating a thought—there can be an absence of discrepant experiences due to avoidance. Another major approach to cognitive restructuring in the cognitive and behavioral therapies is through behavioral experiments (BE) which can be used to gather new evidence and form new experiences. Extant literature suggests there are some preliminary indications that BE may have a slight clinical advantage over traditional thought records as they are associated with a faster treatment response and better generalizing of new learning. There is also evidence that BE may have a slight advantage over traditional exposure for treating anxiety disorders. An illustrative case example of an active duty soldier with PTSD stemming from multiple combat- and non-combat-related traumas is presented. Standard CPT was modified to include BE as opposed to standard thought records to treat his PTSD. Treatment was effective as the soldier demonstrated reliable change and clinically significant change on the PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5). Further research is needed to better understand the role of BE in treating PTSD.

中文翻译：

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通过行为实验针对 PTSD 中与创伤相关的信念：示例性案例研究

带有传统书面思维记录的认知加工疗法 (CPT) 是治疗创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的有效方法。用传统的思想记录瞄准与创伤相关的信念的一个潜在障碍是，通常从与创伤相关的信念中产生的行为回避限制了在评估一个想法时可用的经验（即证据）——可能存在缺失因回避而产生的不同体验。认知和行为疗法中认知重构的另一种主要方法是通过行为实验 (BE)，可用于收集新证据并形成新体验。现有文献表明，有一些初步迹象表明 BE 可能比传统思维记录具有轻微的临床优势，因为它们与更快的治疗反应和更好地概括新学习有关。还有证据表明，在治疗焦虑症方面，BE 可能比传统暴露略有优势。展示了一名现役士兵因多次与战斗和非战斗相关的创伤而患 PTSD 的说明性案例。标准 CPT 被修改为包括 BE，而不是标准思想记录来治疗他的 PTSD。治疗是有效的，因为士兵在 PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5) 上表现出可靠的变化和临床上的显着变化。需要进一步研究以更好地了解 BE 在治疗 PTSD 中的作用。