The net form net blotch (NFNB) is a significant disease of barley. Its causal agent, Pyrenophora teres f. teres (PTT), has an important economic impact on yield and grain quality globally. However, the molecular interaction between PTT and barley is not fully understood. The plant–pathogen encounter comprises the secretion of diverse molecules involved in plant defence, including pathogenicity-related proteins, and fungal attack, such as proteinaceous toxins called effectors. The forefront of the molecular crosstalk between plant and fungus is the space between plant cells or apoplast. To explore the suitability of studying apoplastic proteins to assist understanding the host–pathogen interaction, a mass spectrometry-based proteomics technique was used to profile apoplastic protein differences in control and NFNB-infected leaves in a susceptible cultivar. The analysis revealed 1130 barley proteins, of which 140 were found to be significantly differentially expressed. This paper presents an overview of the major protein changes induced in the barley apoplast and discusses the involvement of individual proteins in defence and disease development. Our results suggest that the fungus may be hijacking defence signalling pathways. This investigation provides the first in vivo proteomics data for a NFNB–barley interaction, setting a background for further studies.

中文翻译：

---

大麦净形成网斑过程中表达的质外体蛋白分析

净形式网斑（NFNB）是大麦的重要疾病。其病因是Pyrenophora teres f。特雷斯（PTT）对全球产量和谷物品质有重要的经济影响。但是，尚不完全了解PTT和大麦之间的分子相互作用。植物病原体遭遇包括与植物防御相关的多种分子的分泌，包括致病性相关蛋白，以及真菌侵袭，例如称为效应子的蛋白质毒素。植物与真菌之间分子串扰的最前沿是植物细胞或质外体之间的空间。为了探索研究质外体蛋白以帮助理解宿主与病原体相互作用的适用性，基于质谱的蛋白质组学技术被用于分析易感品种中对照和被NFNB感染的叶片中质外体蛋白的差异。分析显示1130个大麦蛋白，其中140个被发现显着差异表达。本文概述了大麦质外体诱导的主要蛋白质变化，并讨论了单个蛋白质在防御和疾病发展中的作用。我们的结果表明，真菌可能正在劫持防御信号传导途径。这项研究为NFNB-大麦相互作用提供了首个体内蛋白质组学数据，为进一步研究奠定了背景。