Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a perennial vegetable and a high oil-yielding crop (4–6 t/ha). There is a large scope for increasing the oil yield by selecting elite planting material for breeding programme in germplasm evaluation, characterization and utilization. In the present study, a diverse range of 150 oil palm genotypes were characterized using 12 quantitative variables with 54 genomic microsatellite markers. A wide variation was observed in the morphological traits among indigenous populations. Highly significant and positive correlations were observed between vegetative dry matter (VDM) and total dry matter (TDM) (0.862), and height and height increment (0.838). The first two principal component analyses explained 67.7% of total variation among morphological traits. The genotypes IC0610001-59 (Pune-2) and IC0610001-60 (Pune-2) were found highly promising based on less height increment, more TDM with high yield. For the mapping study, general linear model (GLM) approach, quantitative-trait loci (QTL) for annual height increment, number of bunches, bunch yield and bunch index were linked to simple-sequence repeat (SSR) loci mEgCIR3649 with phenotypic variance of 15.08, 10.43, 11.74, 15.39. TDM and VDM were linked to mEgCIR0192 (27.34 and 24.19%), mEgCIR3684 (16.84 and 18.30%), SPSC00163 (18.8 and 15.39%) and mEgCIR0555 (16.47 and 18.81%), with at a significant threshold (P) level of ≤0.001 and by mixed linear model (MLM) approach. TDM was linked to mEgCIR0555 with phenotypic variance of 20.72%, bunch yield and bunch index were linked to mEgCIR2813 at phenotypic variance of 17.11% and 12.88%, respectively, at a significant threshold (P) level of ≤0.01.

中文翻译：

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使用SSR标记通过关联作图鉴定油棕（Elaeis guineensis Jacq.）中的QTL

油棕 (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) 是一种多年生蔬菜和高产油作物（4-6 吨/公顷）。在种质资源评价、表征和利用方面选择优良种植材料进行育种计划提高油品产量有很大的空间。在本研究中，使用 12 个定量变量和 54 个基因组微卫星标记对 150 种油棕基因型进行了表征。观察到土著人群的形态特征存在很大差异。在营养干物质 (VDM) 和总干物质 (TDM) (0.862) 以及高度和高度增量 (0.838) 之间观察到高度显着的正相关。前两个主成分分析解释了形态性状之间总变异的 67.7%。发现基因型 IC0610001-59 (Pune-2) 和 IC0610001-60 (Pune-2) 基于较少的高度增量、更多的 TDM 和高产量非常有希望。对于作图研究，一般线性模型 (GLM) 方法、年度高度增量、束数、束产量和束指数的数量性状基因座 (QTL) 与简单序列重复 (SSR) 基因座 mEgCIR3649 相关联，表型方差为15.08、10.43、11.74、15.39。TDM 和 VDM 与 mEgCIR0192（27.34 和 24.19%）、mEgCIR3684（16.84 和 18.30%）、SPSC00163（18.8 和 15.39%）和 mEgCIR0555（16.40% 和 18.40%）相关，阈值 ≤ 16.40%，显着性阈值 10.40%并通过混合线性模型 (MLM) 方法。TDM 与 mEgCIR0555 相关联，表型方差为 20.72%，束产量和束指数与 mEgCIR2813 相关联，表型方差分别为 17.11% 和 12.88%，