Abstract —In this paper, we consider the problem of recording and processing the microseismic data with their subsequent interpretation and making the decisions concerning the probable threats associated with the violation of integrity of terrestrial environment due to mining activity. These decisions are made based on the detection of microseismic sources and recognition of their types by processing the multichannel seismograms from small-aperture seismic arrays. The procedures of seismogram processing include the algorithms for detecting the signals of microseismic sources in the noisy seismograms from the array sensors and the procedures for estimating various parameters of these sources. In this paper, we propose a new detection algorithm which is based on evaluating multiple coherence of the array seismograms and is capable of identifying the waves radiated from microseismic sources with complex focal mechanisms against the diffuse seismic noise. In contrast to the widely used STA/LTA array detector which is aimed at separating plane seismic waves, the proposed detector is intended for the recognition of waves from local seismic events in the complexly structured subsurface environment. Based on the numerical experiments with model and real seismic array data containing signals from the sources with complex focal mechanisms, it is shown that the types of microseismic sources can be recognized with the use of various algorithms of seismic array data analysis: with new algorithms for estimating the coordinates of microseismic sources and with traditional algorithms of space-time spectral analysis.

中文翻译：

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基于小孔径地震台阵数据的微震震源类型识别

摘要 —在本文中，我们考虑了记录和处理微地震数据及其后续解释的问题，并就与由于采矿活动而破坏陆地环境完整性相关的可能威胁做出决策。这些决定是基于对微震源的检测和通过处理来自小孔径地震阵列的多道地震图来识别它们的类型而做出的。地震图处理的过程包括在来自阵列传感器的噪声地震图中检测微震源信号的算法以及估计这些源的各种参数的过程。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的检测算法，该算法基于评估阵列地震图的多重相干性，能够识别具有复杂震源机制的微震源辐射的波，以对抗弥漫性地震噪声。与广泛使用的旨在分离平面地震波的 STA/LTA ​​阵列探测器相比，所提出的探测器旨在识别来自复杂结构地下环境中的局部地震事件的波。基于包含来自复杂震源机制的信号的模型和真实地震台阵数据的数值实验，表明使用各种地震台阵数据分析算法可以识别微震源的类型：