Both transplanting and direct-sowing are the dominated methods for establishing winter oilseed rape in China. It is important to understand crop performances and responses to nutrient deficiency between transplanted oilseed rape (TOR) and direct sown oilseed rape (DOR). We estimated the effects of establishment methods (transplanting and direct-sowing) and nutrient deficiency (N, P, and K) on rapeseed yield, yield components, and nutrient uptake from 32 site-years field experiments. We found that DOR plants produced lower seed yield, dry matter, and harvest index than TOR plants. The population density in DOR was higher with poor individual growth as reflected by significantly reduced branches, pods, and seeds pod −1 . Thus, DOR plants were more sensitive to nutrient deficiency and would lose more yield under nutrient omission conditions. TOR and DOR yields significantly correlated with all yield components except for 1000-seed weight. Pod number plant −1 showed the strongest direct effect on TOR yield. However, population density and pod number plant −1 exhibited highest direct effect on DOR yield. The uptakes and harvest indexes of N and P were higher for TOR, while the DOR plots received higher K uptake and harvest index of K. DOR was more sensitive to nutrient deficiency and its nutrient management should be paid more attention.

中文翻译：

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冬季油菜直播和移栽种子产量和产量成分对营养缺乏的差异反应

移栽和直播是我国冬油菜栽培的主要方式。了解移栽油菜 (TOR) 和直接播种油菜 (DOR) 之间的作物性能和对养分缺乏的反应非常重要。我们从 32 个场地年田间试验中估计了建立方法（移栽和直播）和养分缺乏（N、P 和 K）对油菜籽产量、产量构成和养分吸收的影响。我们发现 DOR 植物的种子产量、干物质和收获指数低于 TOR 植物。DOR 中的种群密度较高，个体生长较差，表现为枝条、豆荚和种子荚 -1 显着减少。因此，DOR 植物对养分缺乏更敏感，在养分缺失的情况下会损失更多的产量。TOR 和 DOR 产量与除 1000 粒种子重量外的所有产量成分显着相关。豆荚数植物 -1 对 TOR 产量显示出最强的直接影响。然而，种群密度和豆荚数植物 -1 对 DOR 产量的直接影响最大。TOR对N、P的吸收和收获指数较高，而DOR地块对K的K吸收和收获指数较高。DOR对养分缺乏较为敏感，应重视养分管理。