Abstract

The nonexchange sorption of diverse electrolytes by an MK-40 sulfonic cation-exchange membrane has been studied by conductometry without separating solution and membrane phases. The data of sorption experiments performed within the framework of the two-phase microheterogeneous model of an ion-exchange material have been used to find the Donnan constant for the MK-40 membrane in solutions of electrolytes, namely, HCl, NaOH, NaCl, MgCl₂, CaCl₂, and BaCl₂. The concentration of an electrolyte sorbed by the membrane has been determined as depending on the nature and concentration of an equilibrium solution. Factors that have the most significant effect on the concentration of a sorbed electrolyte and the Donnan constant, such as the specific moisture capacity of the membrane and the nature and charge of counter- and coions, have been studied. The volume fractions of the gel and equilibrium solution phases have been determined by two methods, i.e., from the experimental data on the membrane specific conductivity in solutions of different natures and concentrations and from the data on the nonexchange sorption calculated within the microheterogeneous model of the membrane structure. It has been shown that the Donnan constant may be calculated for the MK-40 membrane in the salt solutions by a simplified method from the data on the sorption of an electrolyte of only one concentration, provided that the volume fractions of the conducting phases in the membrane are known.

中文翻译：

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均相磺酸阳离子交换膜对多种电解质的非交换吸附的研究

摘要

已经通过电导法研究了MK-40磺酸阳离子交换膜对各种电解质的非交换吸附，而没有分离溶液和膜相。在离子交换材料的两相微非均质模型框架内进行的吸附实验数据已用于寻找电解质溶液（即HCl，NaOH，NaCl，MgCl）中MK-40膜的Donnan常数₂，CaCl ₂和BaCl ₂。已经根据平衡溶液的性质和浓度确定了被膜吸收的电解质的浓度。已经研究了对吸附的电解质浓度和Donnan常数影响最大的因素，例如膜的比湿容量以及抗衡离子和离子的性质和电荷。凝胶和平衡溶液相的体积分数已通过两种方法确定，即从不同性质和浓度的溶液中的膜比电导率的实验数据，以及在微结构模型中计算出的非交换吸附的数据。膜结构。