The extensive application of pre-stack depth migration has produced huge volumes of seismic data, which allows for the possibility of developing seismic inversions of reservoir properties from seismic data in the depth domain. It is difficult to estimate seismic wavelets directly from seismic data due to the nonstationarity of the data in the depth domain. We conduct a velocity transformation of seismic data to make the seismic data stationary and then apply the ridge regression method to estimate a constant seismic wavelet. The estimated constant seismic wavelet is constructed as a set of space-variant seismic wavelets dominated by velocities at different spatial locations. Incorporating the weighted superposition principle, a synthetic seismogram is generated by directly employing the space-variant seismic wavelets in the depth domain. An inversion workflow based on the model-driven method is developed in the depth domain by incorporating the nonlinear conjugate gradient algorithm, which avoids additional data conversions between the time and depth domains. The impedance inversions of the synthetic and field seismic data in the depth domain show good results, which demonstrates that seismic inversion in the depth domain is feasible. The approach provides an alternative for forward numerical analyses and elastic property inversions of depth-domain seismic data. It is advantageous for further studies concerning the stability, accuracy, and efficiency of seismic inversions in the depth domain.

中文翻译：

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叠前地震数据在深度域的阻抗反演

叠前深度偏移的广泛应用产生了大量的地震数据，这使得有可能根据深度域的地震数据开发储层属性的地震反演。由于深度域中数据的非平稳性，很难直接从地震数据中估计地震子波。我们对地震数据进行速度转换以使地震数据稳定，然后应用岭回归方法来估计恒定地震子波。估计的恒定地震子波构造为一组以空间变量为主的不同空间位置的地震子波。结合加权叠加原理，通过直接在深度域中使用空间变化地震子波来生成合成地震图。通过合并非线性共轭梯度算法，在深度域中开发了基于模型驱动方法的反演工作流，从而避免了时域和深度域之间的额外数据转换。合成和野外地震数据在深度域的阻抗反演显示出良好的结果，表明在深度域进行地震反演是可行的。该方法为深度域地震数据的正向数值分析和弹性属性反演提供了一种选择。对于深度域地震反演的稳定性，准确性和效率的进一步研究是有利的。这样可以避免在时域和深度域之间进行额外的数据转换。合成和野外地震数据在深度域的阻抗反演显示出良好的结果，表明在深度域进行地震反演是可行的。该方法为深度域地震数据的正向数值分析和弹性属性反演提供了一种选择。对于深度域地震反演的稳定性，准确性和效率的进一步研究是有利的。这样可以避免在时域和深度域之间进行额外的数据转换。合成和野外地震数据在深度域的阻抗反演显示了良好的结果，这表明在深度域进行地震反演是可行的。该方法为深度域地震数据的正向数值分析和弹性属性反演提供了一种选择。对于深度域地震反演的稳定性，准确性和效率的进一步研究是有利的。