Starch is the major constituent of rice grains determining eating, cooking, and processing properties. While rice endosperm mutants with modified starch characteristics have provided valuable materials for elucidating the gene mechanisms involved in starch biosynthesis and grain development, their practical use in crop improvement has been rarely documented. In this review, we focus on the use of floury endosperm mutants with reduced grain hardness to breed rice cultivars suitable for dry milling. We describe the identification of “Suweon542”, the original genetic source carrying flo4-4 [formerly flo7(t)] which has been used to develop Korean rice cultivars specialized for dry-milled flour production. Molecular breeding efforts are highlighted in the development of “Garumi1” and “Garumi2”, the floury endosperm rice cultivars with improved agronomic characteristics.

中文翻译：

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用面粉胚乳突变体开发适合干磨的水稻品种

淀粉是决定食用，烹饪和加工特性的米粒的主要成分。尽管具有改变淀粉特性的水稻胚乳突变体为阐明淀粉生物合成和谷物发​​育的基因机制提供了有价值的材料，但很少有文献报道其在作物改良中的实际应用。在这篇综述中，我们着重于使用具有降低的谷物硬度的粉状胚乳突变体来育种适合干磨的水稻品种。我们描述了“ Suweon542”的鉴定，这是携带flo4-4的原始遗传资源[以前是flo7（t）]已用于开发专门用于干磨面粉生产的韩国水稻品种。在开发具有改良农艺特性的粉状胚乳水稻品种“ Garumi1”和“ Garumi2”的过程中，突出了分子育种工作。