Geospatial information modelling (GIM) is used for decades to document phenomena of the real world. Visualizing and analysing GIM data are usually accomplished by geographic information system tools. The construction industry, on the other hand, uses usually computer-aided design (CAD) tools to plan buildings. With the introduction of building information modelling (BIM), modelling in CAD was enhanced to the entire life cycle of constructions. BIM and GIM are not independent of each other, e.g. BIM uses geospatial data for planning purposes. However, integrating both is challenging since the modelling methods differ. The paper describes approaches to establish interoperability between models of both domains. A literature review reveals the problems and challenges different researchers tackled to achieve interoperability.

地理空间信息模型（GIM）几十年来一直用于记录现实世界中的现象。可视化和分析GIM数据通常由地理信息系统工具完成。另一方面，建筑行业通常使用计算机辅助设计（CAD）工具来计划建筑物。随着建筑信息建模（BIM）的引入，CAD中的建模已增强到建筑的整个生命周期。BIM和GIM并不相互独立，例如BIM使用地理空间数据进行规划。但是，由于建模方法不同，因此将两者集成是一项挑战。本文介绍了在两个域的模型之间建立互操作性的方法。文献综述揭示了不同研究人员为实现互操作性而面临的问题和挑战。