Abstract

The dipole blockade effect at laser excitation of mesoscopic ensembles of Rydberg atoms lies in the fact that the excitation of one atom to a Rydberg state blocks the excitation of other atoms due to the shift in the collective energy levels of interacting Rydberg atoms. It is used to obtain the entangled qubit states based on single neutral atoms in optical traps. In this paper, we present our experimental results on the observation of the dipole blockade for mesoscopic ensembles of 1–5 atoms when they are detected by the selective field ionization method. We have investigated the spectra of the three-photon laser excitation 5S_1/2 → 5P_3/2 → 6S_1/2 → nP_3/2 of cold Rydberg Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap. We have found that for mesoscopic ensembles this method allows only a partial dipole blockage to be observed. This is most likely related to the presence of parasitic electric fields reducing the interaction energy of Rydberg atoms, the decrease in the probability of detecting high states, and the strong angular dependence of the interaction energy of Rydberg atoms in a single interaction volume.

中文翻译：

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选择性场电离法检测里德堡原子的偶极子阻断效应观察

摘要

雷德堡原子的介观集合体在激光激发时的偶极阻挡效应在于，由于相互作用的里德堡原子的集体能级的移动，一个原子激发到里德堡态会阻止其他原子的激发。它用于基于光陷阱中的单个中性原子获得纠缠的量子位态。在本文中，我们通过选择性场电离方法检测到的1–5个原子的介观集合体的偶极子阻塞观察结果，给出了我们的实验结果。我们研究了三光子激光激发的光谱5 S _1/2 →5 P _3/2  →6 S _1/2 → nP _3/2磁陷阱中冷Rydberg Rb原子的分布 我们已经发现，对于介观合奏，此方法仅允许观察到部分偶极子阻塞。这很可能与寄生电场的存在有关，该电场降低了Rydberg原子的相互作用能，降低了检测高态的可能性，并且在单个相互作用体积中Rydberg原子的相互作用能具有很强的角度依赖性。