Several reports of avian influenza virus (AIV) have been made on commercial chickens and wild birds in sub-Saharan Africa, but there is paucity of information of AIV among captive wild birds and indigenous chickens. Blood samples were obtained randomly from captive wild birds and chickens. AIV nucleoprotein antibody detection involved the use of enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and subsequent subtyping with H5 and H7 AIV antigens (haemagglutination inhibition). Four hundred birds belonging to nine families and 14 species were sampled, and overall prevalence of 23% (92/400) was obtained (captive wild birds (10.4%, 5/48), indigenous birds (47.3%, 87/184) and exotic commercial birds (0.0%, 0/168)). Twelve ELISA-positive birds (13.04%) were positive to H7 antigen. Univariate analysis indicated statistical significance of AIV prevalence in captive wild birds (p < 0.0001) and exotic birds (p < 0.0001) using indigenous chickens as reference. This study gave an evidence of exposure of captive wild birds and indigenous chickens to AIV in Nigeria. Scavenging activities common among indigenously raised chickens, unrestricted movement of nonflying wild birds within the captive complex and free access by migrating wild birds to captive wild birds and local chickens were likely factors observed to promote AIV transmission. Continuous surveillance can further highlight the roles played by these birds in the epidemiology of AIV.

在撒哈拉以南非洲，关于商业鸡和野禽的禽流感病毒（AIV）的报道已有几篇，但是在圈养的野鸟和土鸡中，关于AIV的信息很少。从圈养的野生鸟类和鸡中随机抽取血样。AIV核蛋白抗体检测涉及酶免疫测定（ELISA）的使用和随后的H5和H7 AIV抗原的亚型分型（血凝抑制）。对属于9个科和14种物种的400只鸟类进行了采样，总体患病率是23％（92/400）（圈养野生鸟类（10.4％，5/48），土著鸟类（47.3％，87/184）和外来鸟类（0.0％，0/168））。十二只ELISA阳性鸟（13.04％）对H7抗原呈阳性。（p  <0.0001）和外来鸟类（p  <0.0001），以本土鸡为参照。这项研究提供了证据，证明尼日利亚有人工饲养的野生鸟类和本地鸡暴露于AIV中。在本地饲养的鸡中常见的清除活动，非飞行野鸟在圈养区内的不受限制的移动以及通过将野鸟迁移到圈养野鸟和本地鸡而自由进出的现象很可能是促进AIV传播的因素。持续监测可以进一步突出这些鸟类在AIV流行病学中所扮演的角色。