Birth weight data of dromedary calves from the database of one of the world’s largest dairy herds (Dubai, UAE) were analyzed for the period from 2007 to 2018. The assessment included the data of 4124 camel calves that were classified into six ecotypes (Emirate, Emirate crossed, Black, Pakistanian, Saudi-Sudanian, and Saudi crossed). The aim of the study was to describe the heritability of birth weight of calves and the breeding value of sires. Genetic parameters of birth weight were estimated by ANOVA model and two BLUP animal models as well. The mean value of the camel calves’ birth weight was 34.75 ± 5.67 kg. The direct heritability of birth weight (h²_d = 0.09 ± 0.04–0.11 ± 0.03) was rather low, so was the maternal heritability (h²_m = 0.23 ± 0.10–0.50 ± 0.06). The maternal effect from environmental origin (c² = 0.23 ± 0.08) far exceeded the results previously calculated in cattle. There was no difference in reliability between BLUP1 and BLUP2 models, and both of them were more accurate than the ANOVA model. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that the birth weight of dromedary calves was more influenced by the dam’s intrauterine rearing capacity and by the environment, management, and feeding of the pregnant female camels than the hereditary growth potential. Considerable differences were found among male dromedaries in their breeding values for the birth weight trait.

分析了2007年至2018年期间来自世界上最大的奶牛群之一（阿联酋迪拜）的单峰骆驼犊的出生体重数据。评估包括4124种骆驼犊牛的数据，这些骆驼犊牛被分为6种生态型（阿联酋，阿联酋，黑人，巴基斯坦，沙特-苏丹和沙特阿拉伯）。该研究的目的是描述小牛出生体重的遗传力和公牛的育种价值。出生体重的遗传参数通过ANOVA模型和两个BLUP动物模型进行估算。骆驼犊牛出生体重的平均值为34.75±5.67 kg。出生体重的直接遗传力（h ² _d  = 0.09±0.04–0.11±0.03）较低，孕产妇的遗传力（h ² _m = 0.23±0.10–0.50±0.06）。来自环境的母体效应（c ²  = 0.23±0.08）远远超过了先前在牛中计算得出的结果。BLUP1和BLUP2模型之间的可靠性没有差异，并且两者均比ANOVA模型更准确。根据这项研究的结果，我们得出结论，单峰骆驼犊牛的出生体重受母乳喂养的能力，环境，管理和母骆驼喂养的影响更大，而不是遗传增长的潜力。男性单峰驼的出生体重特征的育种值存在很大差异。