Bandicoot rats (genus Bandicota), widely known as rodent pests, are abundant and widespread throughout the continental part of the Indo-Malayan realm. However, their evolutionary history is not yet well understood. The molecular phylogenetic relationships of the three bandicoot rat species, Bandicota bengalensis, Bandicota indica, and Bandicota savilei, were assessed based on the gene sequences of the specimens collected from Myanmar, where all three species occur along with database sequences. Early divergence of B. savilei (1.5–1.7 million years ago) was inferred from the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene and the nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (Irbp), and melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r) gene sequences. The Cytb lineage of B. bengalensis from Sri Lanka was distinct from the monophyletic lineage of the continental lineages of B. bengalensis and B. indica. This can be explained by the preservation of ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the insular population owing to female philopatry and male dispersal, given that no substantial intraspecies geographic subdivision was observed in the nuclear markers. The paraphyletic relationship of B. bengalensis with B. indica may be explained by introgression of the mtDNA from B. bengalensis to B. indica, but further investigation is required to confirm this. B. bengalensis Cytb sequences from a wide area of Myanmar had limited nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00079), implying that the genetic diversity of B. bengalensis in Myanmar was acquired through Holocene human activities.

中文翻译：

---

基于线粒体和核基因序列的缅甸Bandicota（Murinae，Rodentia）的种类和遗传多样性

Bandicoot大鼠（Bandicota属），被广泛称为啮齿类害虫，在印度马来亚大陆的整个大陆上分布丰富且广泛。但是，它们的进化历史尚未被很好地理解。三个品种袋狸鼠的分子系统发育关系，板齿板齿鼠，板齿鼠和板齿鼠savilei的基础上，从缅甸，其中所有三个物种的数据库序列一起发生所采集的标本的基因序列进行了评估。从线粒体细胞色素b（Cytb）推断出savilei的早期分化（1.5–170万年前））基因和核光感受器类维生素A结合蛋白（Irbp），以及黑皮质素1受体（Mc1r）基因序列。该细胞色素b的谱系小板齿鼠斯里兰卡是从大陆系的单系血统独特的小板齿鼠和B.籼稻。考虑到在核标记物中未观察到实质性的种内地理细分，这可以解释为由于雌性phil折和雄性扩散而导致岛上种群中古代线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的保存。孟加拉芽孢杆菌与印度芽孢杆菌的亲缘关系可能是由孟加拉芽孢杆菌的mtDNA向印度芽孢杆菌的渗入所解释的，但是需要进一步的研究来证实这一点。来自缅甸广大地区的孟加拉B. Cytb序列具有有限的核苷酸多样性（π= 0.00079），这表明缅甸B. Bengalensis的遗传多样性是通过全新世人类活动获得的。