Scientific collaboration is a long-standing subject of CSCW scholarship that typically focuses on the development and use of computing systems to facilitate research. The research presented in this article investigates the sociality of science by identifying and describing particular, common forms of organizing that researchers in four different scientific realms employ to conduct work in both local contexts and as part of distributed, global projects. This paper introduces five prototypical forms of organizing we categorize as coordinative entities: the Principal Group, Intermittent Exchange, Sustained Aggregation, Federation, and Facility Organization. Coordinative entities as a categorization help specify, articulate, compare, and trace overlapping and evolving arrangements scientists use to facilitate data intensive research. We use this typology to unpack complexities of data intensive scientific collaboration in four cases, showing how scientists invoke different coordinative entities across three types of research activities: data collection, processing, and analysis. Our contribution scrutinizes the sociality of scientific work to illustrate how these actors engage in relational work within and among diverse, dispersed forms of organizing across project, funding, and disciplinary boundaries.

中文翻译：

---

协调实体：数据密集型科学的组织形式

科学合作是CSCW奖学金的一个长期课题，通常着重于计算系统的开发和使用以促进研究。本文提出的研究通过识别和描述特殊的，常见的组织形式来研究科学的社会性，组织的四种不同科学领域的研究人员在当地背景下以及作为分散的全球项目的一部分来开展工作。本文介绍了我们归类为协调实体的五种典型组织形式：主要小组，间歇性交流，持续聚集，联合会和设施组织。协调实体作为一种分类，有助于指定，阐明，比较和跟踪科学家用来促进数据密集型研究的重叠和不断发展的安排。我们使用这种类型学在四种情况下解开了数据密集型科学合作的复杂性，展示了科学家如何在三种类型的研究活动（数据收集，处理和分析）中调用不同的协调实体。我们的贡献详细审查了科学工作的社会性，以说明这些参与者如何在跨项目，资金和学科界限的各种分散形式的组织内部和之间从事关系工作。