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Innovations for smoke management in passenger trains
Journal of Fire Sciences ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-24 , DOI: 10.1177/0734904119895775
Mariano Lázaro 1 , David Lázaro 1 , Edurne Cortabarria 2 , Daniel Alvear 1
Affiliation  

Spanish manufacturer Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles developed an innovative alternative for compartmentation, based on a smoke extraction system, to guarantee safe conditions during evacuation processes in a passenger unit. To demonstrate its performance in a train unit, a real-scale experimental programme, supported by the application of fire computer modelling, was applied in a new Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles’ rolling stock. The new smoke exhaust system aims to extract the smoke generated during a fire in the passenger area by exhaust fans of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system, allowing the ingress of fresh exterior air in the lower part of the rear ends of the car. These key elements create an air flow that evacuates the smoke to prevent people from being exposed to it. Full-scale fire tests were developed in the train unit following the Australian standard AS 4391-1999. A fire of 140 kW was used, and the smoke was generated by a clean smoke machine. Measurement points included six thermocouple trees, 10 gas flow velocity probes and two GoPro HD video cameras (for the estimation of the visibility). The system performance was successful with the tenability criteria, since the value of visibility at the non-fire car was greater than 30 m and the temperature was lower than 30°C during all the tests at a height of 1.7 m above the floor. Experimental results were used to validate the computational model. The computational model results show a good accuracy compared with the tests.

中文翻译:

旅客列车烟雾管理的创新

西班牙制造商 Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles 开发了一种基于排烟系统的创新隔间替代方案,以确保乘客单元疏散过程中的安全条件。为了证明其在列车单元中的性能,在消防计算机建模应用的支持下,将实际规模的实验程序应用于新的 Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles 机车车辆。新的排烟系统旨在通过暖通空调系统的排风扇将乘客区火灾时产生的烟雾抽走,让车外的新鲜空气从车尾下部进入。 . 这些关键元素产生的气流可以排出烟雾,以防止人们接触到烟雾。按照澳大利亚标准 AS 4391-1999 在列车单​​元中进行了全面的火灾测试。使用了 140 千瓦的火力,烟雾由清洁的烟雾机产生。测量点包括六个热电偶树、10 个气流速度探头和两个 GoPro 高清摄像机(用于估计能见度)。系统性能在稳定性标准下是成功的,因为在离地面 1.7 m 高度的所有测试期间,非消防车的能见度值大于 30 m,温度低于 30°C。实验结果用于验证计算模型。计算模型结果表明与测试相比具有良好的准确性。烟雾是由干净的烟雾机产生的。测量点包括六个热电偶树、10 个气流速度探头和两个 GoPro 高清摄像机(用于估计能见度)。系统性能在稳定性标准下是成功的,因为在离地面 1.7 m 高度的所有测试期间,非消防车的能见度值大于 30 m,温度低于 30°C。实验结果用于验证计算模型。计算模型结果表明与测试相比具有良好的准确性。烟雾是由干净的烟雾机产生的。测量点包括六个热电偶树、10 个气流速度探头和两个 GoPro 高清摄像机(用于估计能见度)。系统性能在稳定性标准下是成功的,因为在离地面 1.7 m 高度的所有测试期间,非消防车的能见度值大于 30 m,温度低于 30°C。实验结果用于验证计算模型。计算模型结果表明与测试相比具有良好的准确性。因为在离地面1.7 m的高度进行所有测试时,非消防车的能见度值大于30 m,温度低于30°C。实验结果用于验证计算模型。计算模型结果表明与测试相比具有良好的准确性。因为在离地面1.7 m的高度进行所有测试时,非消防车的能见度值大于30 m,温度低于30°C。实验结果用于验证计算模型。计算模型结果表明与测试相比具有良好的准确性。
更新日期:2019-12-24
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