Although shipping has significant positive effect on human civilization, it introduced negative environmental impacts such as oil, air, and plastic pollutions. Many negative externalities through international and local regulations have been in place, and preventive actions have been taken to monitor and control. However, underwater noise pollution as an emerging negative shipping impact has not been well introduced to society nor appropriately regulated in international scale. Because of traffic density and the presence of sensitive marine species in some parts of the world, the negative social and environmental impacts of underwater noise pollution become more critical. Haro Strait due to high shipping traffic and presence of vulnerable marine species such as Southern Resident Killer Whale is a good example. The majority of ocean-going vessels transiting to Vancouver and vice versa pass through the corridor which includes Haro Strait. Tankers currently represent about 2% of total ship traffic visiting the Port of Vancouver; however, regarding the Trans Mountain Pipeline Expansion Project, the traffic density will grow by 11%, which will enhance the adverse impacts of underwater noise pollution on marine mammals. This study, by considering the features and characteristics of the area and the project, proposed four scenarios and modelling. The article by developing simulations and utilizing the Multiple Criteria Decision Making (Multiple Attribute Decision Making) algorithms and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution techniques strives to trade-off between the environmental (noise and CO2 emission) and economical (fuel cost) aspects of the project to enhance the Decision Support System to promote sustainable development. This will help the decision makers to have a multi-dimensional thinking instead of the single-dimensional thinking in addressing and tackling the negative externalities of the Trans Mountain project in the area. Moreover, at the end of each scenario, a sensitivity analysis will be conducted to provide a clean environment for decision makers.

中文翻译：

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减轻商船水下噪声污染的权衡分析：案例研究——加拿大温哥华港跨山项目

尽管航运对人类文明具有显着的积极影响，但它也带来了石油、空气和塑料污染等负面环境影响。许多通过国际和地方法规产生的负面外部效应已经到位，并已采取预防措施进行监测和控制。然而，水下噪声污染作为一种新兴的航运负面影响并没有很好地引入社会，也没有在国际范围内得到适当的监管。由于世界某些地区的交通密度和敏感海洋物种的存在，水下噪声污染对社会和环境的负面影响变得更加严重。哈罗海峡是一个很好的例子，因为它的航运交通量很大，而且存在着脆弱的海洋物种，例如南方居民虎鲸。大多数中转至温哥华（反之亦然）的远洋船只通过包括哈罗海峡在内的走廊。油轮目前约占温哥华港船舶总运输量的 2%；但跨山管道扩建工程，交通密度将增加11%，这将加剧水下噪声污染对海洋哺乳动物的不利影响。本研究结合区域和项目的特点和特点，提出了四种情景和建模。本文通过开发模拟并利用多标准决策（Multiple Attribute Decision Making）算法和与理想解决方案相似的优先顺序技术，力求在环境（噪音和二氧化碳排放）和经济（燃料成本）之间进行权衡) 项目方面加强决策支持系统，促进可持续发展。这将有助于决策者在处理和处理该地区跨山项目的负面外部性时，以多维思维而不是单维思维。此外，在每个场景结束时，都会进行敏感性分析，为决策者提供一个干净的环境。这将有助于决策者在处理和处理该地区跨山项目的负面外部性时，以多维思维而不是单维思维。此外，在每个场景结束时，都会进行敏感性分析，为决策者提供一个干净的环境。这将有助于决策者在处理和处理该地区跨山项目的负面外部性时，拥有多维思维，而不是单维思维。此外，在每个场景结束时，都会进行敏感性分析，为决策者提供一个干净的环境。