Match warm-ups in association football represent well-respected practice in order to prepare and optimise performance. While the structure of warm-ups is commonly studied from a physiological perspective, the skill and performance training approaches influencing warm-ups prior to major professional football competition appear to be particularly underexplored. Using the largely under-researched context of the football goalkeeper, the aim of this multi-method research design was to investigate two overarching research questions: (1) how are professional football goalkeeper match warm-ups structured? and (2) why does current coaching practice of expert goalkeeper coaches support this microstructure? Eleven systematic observations investigated the microstructure and training approaches applied to top-level professional football goalkeeper match warm-ups and seven semi-structured interviews with expert goalkeeper coaches further explored current coaching practice in this specific context. Results indicate that professional football goalkeeper warm-up structures include similar microstructures that progress in complexity and contain both simple ‘technical’ and more match-representative ‘applied skills’ exercises. Underlying reasons for goalkeeper coaches adhering to the observed warm-up structures are based on experts’ understanding of applying an athlete-centred coaching approach. Hereof, goalkeeper coaches stated warm-up routines to be individualised towards goalkeeper’s needs and focused on performance stability in order to make goalkeepers feel ‘match-ready’ and confident.

中文翻译：

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准备好表演了吗？职业足球守门员比赛热身的定性分析调查

足协足球比赛热身代表着备受尊重的练习，以准备和优化表现。虽然通常从生理学角度研究热身的结构，但在大型职业足球比赛之前影响热身的技能和表现训练方法似乎特别缺乏探索。使用足球守门员的大量研究背景，这种多方法研究设计的目的是调查两个总体研究问题：(1) 职业足球守门员比赛热身是如何安排的？(2) 为什么目前专家门将教练的执教实践支持这种微观结构？11 项系统观察调查了适用于顶级职业足球守门员比赛热身的微观结构和训练方法，7 次与专业守门员教练的半结构化访谈进一步探讨了当前在此特定背景下的教练实践。结果表明，职业足球守门员的热身结构包括类似的微观结构，其复杂程度不断提高，同时包含简单的“技术”和更具比赛代表性的“应用技能”练习。守门员教练坚持观察到的热身结构的根本原因是基于专家对应用以运动员为中心的教练方法的理解。对此，守门员教练表示，热身程序将针对守门员的需求进行个性化，并注重表现的稳定性，以使守门员感到“准备好了”并充满信心。