Composite materials/structures are advancing in product efficiency, cost-effectiveness and the development of superior specific properties (strength and modulus). There are increasing demands in their applications to load-bearing structures in aerospace, wind turbines, transportation, medical equipment and so on.¹ Manufacturing of composite materials is a multivariable task, involving many procedures, where various types of defects may occur within a composite product, giving rise to significant safety concerns in service.² Detection and evaluation to maintain structural integrity are particularly challenging since composites are usually non-homogeneous and anisotropic. Defects and damage can occur within numerous locations at various levels of scale, making it difficult to track all the damage sites which can result in complex damage mechanisms.³ In addition, damage accumulation within a composite is closely related to the actual strength, stiffness and lifetime prediction of the component. Therefore, robust and reliable non-destructive testing (NDT) of composites is essential for reducing safety concerns, as well as maintenance costs⁴ to minimise possibilities for process disruption and downtime. These factors attract interest from both academic researchers and industrial engineers.

中文翻译：

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复合材料/结构的无损检测和评估：最新进展

复合材料/结构在产品效率，成本效益和优越的特殊性能（强度和模量）的发展方面正在进步。它们在航空航天，风力涡轮机，运输，医疗设备等中的承重结构中的应用需求日益增长。¹复合材料的制造是一个多变量的任务，涉及许多程序，其中复合产品中可能会出现各种类型的缺陷，从而引起服务中的重大安全隐患。²由于复合材料通常是非均质且各向异性的，因此检测和评估以保持结构完整性特别具有挑战性。缺陷和损坏可能会在不同级别的多个位置发生，从而很难跟踪所有损坏位置，从而导致复杂的损坏机制。³此外，复合材料内的损伤累积与部件的实际强度，刚度和寿命预测密切相关。因此，复合材料的稳健而可靠的非破坏性测试（NDT）对于减少安全隐患以及维护成本⁴至关重要，以最大程度地减少过程中断和停机时间的可能性。这些因素吸引了学术研究人员和工业工程师的兴趣。