A follow-up study was conducted to further evaluate the marking efficiency of broadcast spray applications of egg albumin (from chicken egg whites) on Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in alfalfa. A previous study recorded exceptional marking efficiency (e.g., >95% of the population) on H. convergens when using relatively high concentrations (10 to 50%) of chicken egg whites. The present study examines marking efficiency of egg whites using lower concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0%. We used cadaver and free-roaming beetles to measure protein mark acquisition (and retention) of each protein concentration by direct contact with the spray application and incidental contact with protein residue on the plant tissue, respectively. The vertical distribution of the protein mark was also determined by sampling the upper and lower portions of the alfalfa canopy. The data indicate, regardless of the egg white treatment, that the backpack sprayer provided uniform coverage of egg albumin on the alfalfa plants and cadaver beetles. Also, almost every free-roaming beetle acquired a mark within 24 h after contact exposure to protein marked plants. This study shows that a very low concentration of egg albumin is sufficient for marking arthropods directly in the field.

中文翻译：

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用于标记捕获研究的蛋白质免疫标记技术的改进。

进行了一项后续研究，以进一步评估紫花苜蓿的收敛链球菌Guérin-Méneville（鞘翅目：球虫科）在卵白蛋白（来自鸡蛋白）的广播喷雾施用中的标记效果。先前的研究记录了H. convergens的卓越标记效率（例如，人口的> 95％）当使用相对较高浓度（10％至5​​0％）的鸡蛋白时。本研究研究了使用较低浓度的2.5、5.0和10.0％的蛋白的标记效率。我们分别使用尸体和自由漫游的甲虫分别通过直接与喷雾接触和偶然接触植物组织上的蛋白质残留物来测量每种蛋白质浓度的蛋白质标记获取（和保留）。蛋白质标记的垂直分布也通过对苜蓿冠层的上部和下部进行采样来确定。数据表明，无论采用何种蛋白进行处理，背负式喷雾器都能在苜蓿植物和尸体甲虫上均匀覆盖卵白蛋白。同样，几乎每只自生的甲虫在暴露于蛋白质标记的植物后24小时内都获得了标记。