Flow control devices are one of the most commonly studied fields of aerodynamic research in the world. This is because improvements in the aerodynamic performance of any vehicle lead directly to save fuel and money and reduce operational costs of them. Another reason is that flow control can reduce the risk of aerial vehicles operating near complex structures which can generate high turbulence intensity levels, supposing a risk for its maneuvers. A passive flow control device used for improving the flow on the ramp of an aircraft carrier is the Columnar Vortex Generator (CVG). Using this device, encouraging results to improve the flow for aerial vehicles which operate on those ships, have been obtained. However, CVG detailed working and vortex generation is not fully known. For that reason, the aim of this paper is to present the results obtained in wind tunnel tests of this passive flow control device called Columnar Vortex Generator (CVG). The flow behavior at the front, rear and especially inside it was analysed. A smoke visualization has been made to the CVG model as a first approach to the flow structure surround and inside the CVG. Flow inside the CVG and specifically its vortex generated has been also analysed using velocity maps obtained by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Tangential and axial PIV planes have been obtained to characterise the vortex and its movement inside the device. These resultant velocity maps have been used to compare the vortex with theoretical models (Rankine and Oseen-Lamb vortex) and establish a new model that predicts the velocity profiles of the vortex generated inside the CVG. Finally, new possible applications using the CVG to improve the flow over a building roof and over the flight deck of a frigate under stern wind is tested by means of PIV in the wind-tunnel.

中文翻译：

---

柱状涡流发生器上的流动模型

流量控制装置是世界上空气动力学研究最常研究的领域之一。这是因为任何车辆空气动力学性能的改进都会直接导致节省燃料和金钱并降低它们的运营成本。另一个原因是流量控制可以降低飞行器在复杂结构附近运行的风险，这些结构会产生高湍流强度水平，假设其机动存在风险。用于改善航空母舰坡道上流动的被动流动控制装置是柱状涡流发生器 (CVG)。使用该设备，已经获得了改善在这些船上运行的飞行器的流量的令人鼓舞的结果。然而，CVG 的详细工作和涡流生成尚不完全清楚。是因为，本文的目的是展示在这种称为柱状涡流发生器 (CVG) 的被动流量控制装置的风洞试验中获得的结果。分析了前部、后部，尤其是其内部的流动行为。已对 CVG 模型进行烟雾可视化，作为了解 CVG 周围和内部流动结构的第一种方法。还使用粒子图像测速 (PIV) 获得的速度图分析了 CVG 内部的流动，特别是其产生的涡流。已获得切向和轴向 PIV 平面来表征涡流及其在装置内的运动。这些合成速度图已用于将涡旋与理论模型（Rankine 涡旋和 Oseen-Lamb 涡旋）进行比较，并建立了一个新模型来预测 CVG 内部产生的涡旋的速度分布。最后，