The Quantum Key Distribution protocol can encode a single quantum state and implements an information-theoretically secure key distribution protocol in communication. In the actual QKD experimental system, there are usually two encoding methods which are phase encoding and polarization encoding. Ma et al.[Phase-Matching Quantum Key Distribution, Phys. Rev. X., 2018, 8(3)] proposed the phase-matching QKD protocol, which has high transmission and it is an extension of the measurement device independent QKD. This paper successfully gives the polarization scheme of this PM-QKD protocol, the bases in the polarization scheme are arbitrary, and eliminates detector side channel attacks. Furthermore, we give the security analysis and simulation results of the polarization scheme, and compare it with the BB84 protocol. The simulation results show that our protocol is superior to the BB84 protocol in terms of transmission distance under the fixed key rate.

中文翻译：

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基于相位匹配的极化量子密钥分配方案

量子密钥分发协议可以对单个量子状态进行编码，并在通信中实现信息理论上安全的密钥分发协议。在实际的QKD实验系统中，通常有两种编码方式，即相位编码和偏振编码。Ma 等人 [Phase-Matching Quantum Key Distribution, Phys. Rev. X., 2018, 8(3)] 提出了相位匹配 QKD 协议，该协议具有高传输性，是测量设备独立 QKD 的扩展。本文成功给出了该PM-QKD协议的极化方案，极化方案中的基是任意的，并且消除了检测器侧信道攻击。此外，我们给出了极化方案的安全分析和仿真结果，并与BB84协议进行了比较。