Objective: Brain-computer interface (BCI) spelling is a promising communication solution for people in paralysis. Currently, BCIs suffer from imperfect decoding accuracy which calls for methods to handle spelling mistakes. Detecting error-related potentials (ErrPs) has been early identified as a potential remedy. Nevertheless, few works have studied the elicitation of ErrPs during engagement with other BCI tasks, especially when BCI feedback is provided continuously. Methods: Here, we test the possibility of correcting errors during pseudo-online Motor Imagery (MI) BCI spelling through ErrPs, and investigate whether BCI feedback hinders their generation. Ten subjects performed a series of MI spelling tasks with and without observing BCI feedback. Results: The average pseudo-online ErrP detection accuracy was found to be significantly above the chance level in both conditions and did not significantly differ between the two (74% with, and 78% without feedback). Conclusions: Our results support the possibility to detect ErrPs during MI-BCI spelling and suggest the absence of any BCI feedback-related interference.

中文翻译：

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基于感觉运动的脑机接口过程中的错误相关电位：使用伪在线脑控拼写器的探索

目的：脑机接口（BCI）拼写是一种有前途的瘫痪患者交流解决方案。目前，BCI 的解码精度不完善，这就需要处理拼写错误的方法。检测与错误相关的电位 (ErrPs) 已被早期确定为一种潜在的补救措施。然而，很少有作品研究在参与其他 BCI 任务期间引发 ErrP，尤其是在持续提供 BCI 反馈时。方法：在这里，我们通过 ErrP 测试在伪在线运动图像 (MI) BCI 拼写过程中纠正错误的可能性，并调查 BCI 反馈是否阻碍了它们的生成。十名受试者在观察和不观察 BCI 反馈的情况下执行了一系列 MI 拼写任务。结果：发现平均伪在线 ErrP 检测精度在两种情况下都显着高于机会水平，并且两者之间没有显着差异（74% 有反馈，78% 没有反馈）。结论：我们的结果支持在 MI-BCI 拼写过程中检测 ErrP 的可能性，并表明不存在任何 BCI 反馈相关干扰。