Low-energy ion beam bombardment can induce various biological effects on plants, including stimulation, damage, and mutation. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of the biological effects of ion implantation are not fully understood. In this article, ion beam implantation was performed on Indica–Japonica intersubspecific tetraploid rice seeds to explore the responses of their seedlings. The investigation found that the aboveground part development of rice seedlings was inhibited, radiation damage was induced, and the metabolic accumulation and expression of abscisic acid (ABA) was disturbed by implantation with large doses of the low-energy $\text{N}^{+}$ beam. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes and proline (Pro) content were also increased by low-dose ion implantation induction. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in seedlings under ion implantation was markedly higher than those of controls, and increased with the increase of ion beam irradiation doses. Transcriptional expression analysis of selected genes revealed that partly ABA anabolism genes associated with ABA production were significantly upregulated in seedlings in response to ion implantation. The aforementioned results will be useful for further research on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Indica–Japonica intersubspecific tetraploid rice to ion beam stress.

中文翻译：

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籼粳亚种间四倍体水稻幼苗地上部分对离子束胁迫的生理和分子响应

低能离子束轰击可以对植物产生多种生物效应，包括刺激、损伤和突变。然而，离子注入生物学效应的生理和分子机制尚未完全了解。在本文中，对籼粳亚种间四倍体水稻种子进行离子束植入，以探索其幼苗的反应。调查发现，大剂量低能量的植入会抑制水稻幼苗地上部分发育，诱导辐射损伤，干扰脱落酸（ABA）的代谢积累和表达。 {+}$ 光束。低剂量离子注入诱导也增加了抗氧化酶的活性和脯氨酸 (Pro) 的含量。离子注入幼苗中丙二醛（MDA）含量明显高于对照，并随着离子束照射剂量的增加而增加。选定基因的转录表达分析表明，与 ABA 产生相关的部分 ABA 合成代谢基因在幼苗中响应离子注入显着上调。上述结果将有助于进一步研究籼粳亚种间四倍体水稻对离子束胁迫的生理和分子机制。选定基因的转录表达分析表明，与 ABA 产生相关的部分 ABA 合成代谢基因在幼苗中响应离子注入显着上调。上述结果将有助于进一步研究籼粳亚种间四倍体水稻对离子束胁迫的生理和分子机制。选定基因的转录表达分析表明，与 ABA 产生相关的部分 ABA 合成代谢基因在幼苗中响应离子注入显着上调。上述结果将有助于进一步研究籼粳亚种间四倍体水稻对离子束胁迫的生理和分子机制。