Oceans exploration and inspection are a great challenge for the industry nowadays. The underwater instrumentation and measurements are improving due to the current technologies, or by development of new ones, to cover the demand of the new industry offshore. The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV), a subcategory of submarine, is used to perform subaquatic tasks. This vehicle provides advantages for underwater works, e.g., safety and reliability inspections, but it also offers limitations for sensors systems, monitoring and communications systems, autonomous operational endurances, propulsion systems or mapping designs, etc. The main scientific contributions of this paper are: a review of the state of art in novel and main instrumentation and measurement systems embedded in AUVs; an illustration of their future uses and development; and a synthesis of the main and current navigation, mapping and sampling technologies, together with different applications.

中文翻译：

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自主水下航行器：仪器和测量

海洋勘探和检查是当今行业面临的巨大挑战。由于当前的技术或通过开发新的技术，水下仪器和测量正在改进，以满足海上新工业的需求。自主水下航行器 (AUV) 是潜艇的一个子类别，用于执行水下任务。这种车辆为水下工作提供了优势，例如安全性和可靠性检查，但它也为传感器系统、监控和通信系统、自主操作耐力、推进系统或测绘设计等提供了局限性。 本文的主要科学贡献是：对嵌入 AUV 的新型和主要仪器和测量系统的最新技术进行回顾；说明它们未来的用途和发展；