Measuring receivers are used for measurement of radio disturbance in the frequency range typically 9 kHz to 18 GHz. Such receivers can be either electromagnetic interference (EMI) receivers or spectrum analyzers with the quasi-peak (QP) detector [1], [2]. Requirements for measuring receivers are discussed in European CISPR documents (Comité International Spécial des Perturbations Radioélectriques) and US standards ANSI 63.2 (QP parts derived from CISPR). Although novel techniques are being evaluated [3], the traditional way of checking compliance of the receiver with requirements of these standards is using a calibrated pulse generator [4]. The calibration of pulse generators is discussed in the standard EN 55016-1-1 [5], which is the harmonized version of the international standard IEC/ CISPR 16-1-1 (currently Ed. 4) [6]. In the standard [5], however, only a very brief description of the methods is given and technical details are hidden. The measurement uncertainty of the pulse generator characterization is not discussed in the standards; however, it was discussed in several previous works [7], [8]. This paper aims to provide a more thorough description of particular calibration methods together with practical hints which may be useful for students, calibration engineers and practitioners.

中文翻译：

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脉冲发生器校准的实际问题

测量接收机用于测量频率范围通常为 9 kHz 至 18 GHz 的无线电干扰。此类接收器可以是电磁干扰 (EMI) 接收器，也可以是带有准峰值 (QP) 检测器的频谱分析仪 [1]、[2]。欧洲 CISPR 文件（Comité International Spécial des Perturbations Radioélectriques）和美国标准 ANSI 63.2（源自 CISPR 的 QP 部分）讨论了对测量接收机的要求。尽管正在评估新技术 [3]，但检查接收器是否符合这些标准要求的传统方法是使用校准脉冲发生器 [4]。脉冲发生器的校准在标准 EN 55016-1-1 [5] 中进行了讨论，该标准是国际标准 IEC/CISPR 16-1-1（当前第 4 版）[6] 的协调版本。在标准[5]中，然而，只给出了对方法的非常简要的描述，并且隐藏了技术细节。标准中没有讨论脉冲发生器特性的测量不确定度；然而，它在之前的一些作品中被讨论过[7]、[8]。本文旨在提供对特定校准方法的更全面描述以及可能对学生、校准工程师和从业人员有用的实用提示。