This study used reduced graphene oxide (rGO) applied to a platinum (Pt) counter electrode to improve light conversion efficiency. The study also used an Al-doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) nanosheet/TiO2 photoanode for the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Photovoltaic characteristics, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze DSSC. The different light intensities and photovoltaic characteristics were analyzed to determine optimal light intensity conditions. The unmodified Pt counter electrode was compared with the rGO/Pt counter electrode, photovoltaic conversion efficiency ( ${\eta }$ ) increased from 3.60% to 4.04% due to the rGO modification as it possesses a higher specific surface area. Its low cost also makes it suitable for mass production. In addition, an AZO nanosheet/TiO2 photoanode was fabricated to form a double-layer structure in which photovoltaic conversion efficiency was 4.47 %. Finally, a DSSC with an AZO/TiO2 photoanode and rGO/Pt counter electrode was fabricated and had an photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 5.05 %. This study also analyzed the photovoltaic parameters of DSSC under different light intensities, which shows the optimal photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 5.54% under 30mW/cm2.

中文翻译：

---

低光强下染料敏化太阳能电池用偶氮光阳极的 rGO/Pt 对电极的光伏特性

该研究使用还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO) 应用于铂 (Pt) 对电极以提高光转换效率。该研究还为染料敏化太阳能电池 (DSSC) 使用了掺铝氧化锌 (AZO) 纳米片/TiO2 光阳极。使用光伏特性、电化学阻抗谱 (EIS)、场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FE-SEM) 和拉曼光谱来分析 DSSC。分析不同的光强度和光伏特性以确定最佳光强度条件。未改性的 Pt 对电极与 rGO/Pt 对电极相比，由于 rGO 改性，光伏转换效率（${\eta}$）从 3.60% 增加到 4.04%，因为它具有更高的比表面积。其低成本也使其适合大规模生产。此外，制备了 AZO 纳米片/TiO2 光阳极以形成双层结构，其中光伏转换效率为 4.47%。最后，制造了具有 AZO/TiO2 光阳极和 rGO/Pt 对电极的 DSSC，其光伏转换效率为 5.05%。本研究还对不同光强下DSSC的光伏参数进行了分析，结果表明30mW/cm2下的最佳光伏转换效率为5.54%。