Objectives

The number of elderly people is growing rapidly and aging is found to affect activities of daily living. Older adults are found to perform less physical activity when compared to younger ones. In the perspective of movement behavior, it is not well understood how are elderly different from younger ones. It is not known whether they produce only low frequency movement accelerations or the overall number of movements produced are reduced in elderly. It is also not known how elderly and younger ones perform movement transitions throughout the duration of a day and during night-time sleep.

Material and methods

In this study, 10 healthy young and 10 healthy old participants wore inertial measurement unit at their lower back for 3-days. The 24 hours of day were divided into four 6 hour time zones and transitions made by young and elderly were investigated. All participants performed their regular daily activities unhindered and longitudinal multi-day signals for acceleration and angular velocity were analyzed. Time-frequency analysis was performed using wavelet transform and frequency content of each movement performed was computed.

Results

We found that both young and older adults performed significantly more low amplitude movements than medium and high amplitude movements. Healthy young adults produced significantly more movements at 1.1 Hz than older adults. Healthy young adults were also found to have produced significantly smaller number of transitions in the mid-phases of sleep. They were also found to produce significantly larger accelerations during night-time sleep transitions than their older counterparts.

Conclusion

The advantages of collecting longitudinal data about human movement and sleep transition data can lead us to important clinical diagnosis. The information from longitudinal assessment can help develop lifestyle interventions for disease prevention, monitoring of chronic diseases to prevent or slow disease progression among elderly people.

中文翻译：

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使用可穿戴传感器的健康年轻人和老年人多天纵向运动和睡眠行为评估

目标

老年人的数量正在迅速增长，并且发现衰老会影响日常生活。与老年人相比，发现老年人的体育活动较少。从运动行为的角度来看，人们对老年人与年轻人之间的区别还知之甚少。不知道它们是否仅产生低频运动加速度或老年人产生的运动总数减少。还不知道老年人和年轻人在一天的整个过程中以及夜间睡眠期间如何执行运动转换。

材料与方法

在这项研究中，有10名健康的年轻参与者和10名健康的老年参与者在他们的腰背上佩戴了惯性测量装置3天。将一天的24小时分为四个6小时时区，并研究了年轻人和老年人的过渡情况。所有参与者不受阻碍地进行了日常活动，并分析了多天的纵向加速度和角速度信号。使用小波变换进行时频分析，并计算每个运动的频率内容。

结果

我们发现，无论是年轻人还是老年人，其低幅度运动都比中高幅度运动多得多。健康的年轻人在1.1 Hz时产生的运动明显多于老年人。健康的年轻成年人还发现在睡眠中期会产生明显较少的转变。还发现它们在夜间睡眠过渡期间产生的加速度比同龄人大得多。

结论

收集有关人体运动的纵向数据和睡眠转变数据的优势可以使我们进行重要的临床诊断。纵向评估的信息可以帮助开发生活方式干预措施，以预防疾病，监测慢性疾病以预防或减缓老年人的疾病进展。